摘要 自 2014 年李克强总理提出“大众创业、万众创新”的口号以来，初创企业数量 呈现大幅上涨趋势。孵化器作为推动科技创新的重要载体，对新常态下市场经济的 活力起到了极大的推动作用。其中河北省拥有孵化器 149 家。但是随着孵化器数量 的大量增长，同质化、毫无特色的孵化器却越来越多，很多孵化器的服务水平也无 法跟上初创企业的需求与发展，不平衡的发展要求孵化器尽快提升服务能力。 本文建立了孵化器的绩效评价指标体系，应用数据包络分析方法（DEA）进行 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效的评价。根据数据包络分析法，论文设计了关于投入与 产出两方面共计 12 个细分指标的的评价指标体系，投入指标又分为物质资源投入、 人力资源投入、资金投入；产出指标又分为经济效益类、孵化效益类、社会效益类。 此指标体系较为简洁，又能有效的将孵化器的投入与产出方面的内容涵盖。本文的 数据来源于 2017 年火炬统计，进行数据的检查核对之后，用 DEAP2.1 软件进行模型 计算，根据 DEA 运行结果分别对河北省科技企业孵化器的综合效率、纯技术效率、 规模效率、不同地区间的绩效差异等方面进行分析说明，并基于评价指标对位于前 十位的孵化器进行排名。最后提出提升河北省孵化器绩效的对策建议——完善投融 资政策、重视人才政策、推进孵化器专业化差异化发展、开展增值服务业务。 关键词 科技企业孵化器；绩效评价；数据包络分析；投入产出指标体系III Abstract Since Premier Li Keqiang put forward the slogan of “mass entrepreneurship, mass innovation” in 2014, the number of start-ups has shown a sharp upward trend. As an important carrier to promote scientific and technological innovation, incubator has played an important role in promoting the vitality of market economy. By the end of 2017, there were 149 incubators in Hebei Province. However, as the number of incubators increases, more and more homogeneous, non-characteristic incubators, many incubators can not keep up with the service level of the needs and development of start-ups. Asymmetric development requires incubators to enhance service levels. This paper established the performance evaluation index system of incubators and applyed DEA method to evaluate the incubator in Hebei Province. According to the DEA method, this paper designed an evaluation system of 12 subdivisions of input and output. Input index is divided into material resource input, human resource input and capital input; output index is divided into economic benefit, incubation benefit and social benefit. This index system is relatively simple, and it can effectively cover the inputs and outputs of the incubator. The data in this paper comes from the torch statistics in 2017. After checking the data, the model is calculated with DEAP2.1 software. According to the result of DEA operation, analysis on the comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and performance difference of business incubator in Hebei Province, and ranked the top ten incubators based on the evaluation index. Finally, the paper puts forward some strategies to improve the performance of incubators, such as improving investment and financing policies, attaching importance to talent policy, promoting the differentiated development of incubator specialization and developing value-added services. Key words Technology business incubator；Performance evaluation；DEA；Input and output index systemV 目录目录 摘要....................................................................................................................................I Abstract .............................................................................................................................. III 第 1章 绪 论...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究研景.................................................................................................................. 1 1. 2 研究意研.................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 国内外研究综国...................................................................................................... 3 1.3.1 科技企业孵化器绩效影响因素研究综国 ...................................................... 3 1.3.2 科技企业孵化器绩效评价研究综国 .............................................................. 4 1.4 研究内容、创新创创技术创创图.......................................................................... 5 1.4.1 研究内容 .......................................................................................................... 5 1.4.2 研究方法 ............................................................................................................ 6 1.4.3 创新创 .............................................................................................................. 6 1.4.4 技术创创 .......................................................................................................... 6 第 2 章 科技企业孵化器科关理论综国............................................................................. 9 2.1 科技企业孵化器科国.............................................................................................. 9 2.1.1 科技企业孵化器含研 ...................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 科技企业孵化器分类 .................................................................................... 10 2.1.3 科技企业孵化器的功能与服务 .................................................................... 12 2.2 在孵企业孵化过在................................................................................................ 14 2.2.1 项目筛选 ........................................................................................................ 14 2.2.2 企业入驻与培育 ............................................................................................ 15 2.2.3 毕业退出 ........................................................................................................ 15 2.2.4 孵化器中的知识转移 .................................................................................... 15 2.3 科技企业孵化器绩效评价.................................................................................... 17 2.3.1 科技企业孵化器绩效评价的含研 ................................................................ 17 2.3.2 科技企业孵化器绩效评价方法 .................................................................... 18 2.4 本章本结................................................................................................................ 19 第 3 章 河北省科技企业孵化器发展现河分析............................................................... 21 3.1 孵化器的发展孵在................................................................................................ 21 3.1.1 我国孵化器的发展孵在 ................................................................................ 21 3.1.2 河北省孵化器的发展孵在 ............................................................................ 22VI 3.2 河北省孵化器数量................................................................................................ 23 3.3 河北省孵化器服务河河........................................................................................ 24 3.4 在孵企业与毕业企业河河.................................................................................... 27 3.5 河北省孵化器孵孵河河........................................................................................ 30 3.6 河北省科技企业孵化器存在的河河.................................................................... 30 3.6.1 盈利模式单一 ................................................................................................ 30 3.6.2 高级管理人才稀缺 ........................................................................................ 31 3.6.3 同质化严重 .................................................................................................... 31 3.6.4 服务水平低 .................................................................................................... 32 3.7 本章本结................................................................................................................ 32 第4章 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价指标体系 与评价方法........................ 33 4.1 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价指标体系........................................................ 33 4.1.1 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价指标体系的设计原则 ............................ 33 4.1.2 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价指标体系 ................................................ 34 4.2 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价方法................................................................ 36 4.2.1 DEA 模型介绍............................................................................................... 36 4.2.2 选取 DEA 模型评价河北省科技企业孵化器绩效的理由.......................... 41 4.3 本章本结................................................................................................................ 42 第 5 章河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价创分析........................................................... 43 5.1 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价........................................................................ 43 5.1.1 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价原则 ........................................................ 43 5.1.2 数据说明与整理 ............................................................................................ 43 5.1.3 DEA 模型运行创结果................................................................................... 43 5.2 河北省科技企业孵化器绩效评价结果分析........................................................ 50 5.2.1 综合效率 ........................................................................................................ 50 5.2.2 纯技术效率 .................................................................................................... 51 5.2.3 规模效率 ........................................................................................................ 51 5.2.4 绩效评价结果的差异分析 ............................................................................ 52 5.2.5 DEA 效率区域特征....................................................................................... 59 5.2.6 基于评价指标的孵化器排名 ........................................................................ 60 5.3 本章本结................................................................................................................ 63 第 6 章 提升河北省科技企业孵化器绩效的对策建议................................................... 65 6.1 完善投融资政策.................................................................................................... 65 6.2 重视人才政策........................................................................................................ 65VII 6.3 推进孵化器差异化专业化发展............................................................................ 66 6.4 开展增值服务业务................................................................................................ 66 6.5 本章本结................................................................................................................ 67 结 论................................................................................................................................. 69 参参文献