I 摘要 随着新一代信息技术的快速发展，大数据已经成为如土地和矿产一样重要的资源， 如何有效的挖掘大数据的价值已成为新一代信息技术发展的重要方向。在建筑产品的生 产制造过程中会产生海量的数据，但是建筑企业对这些海量数据的创新应用能力弱，使 其无法满足市场竞争和行业转型的高要求。目前，建筑企业与供应商之间的关系仍然是 短暂的供需关系，建筑企业对供应商关系管理的认知不够，造成了资源的浪费、采购成 本的增加和效率低下，而大数据的出现为建筑企业面临的问题提供了新的解决方案。本 文基于此背景，运用战略联盟、博弈论等相关理论，采用 BP 神经网络和合作博弈的方 法，探讨大数据在建筑企业供应商关系管理中的应用的问题。 本文的主要研究内容是讨论在大数据环境下如何进行供应商选择，与供应商建立合 作关系，以及如何进行供应商关系维护。首先，通过对国内外相关文献的梳理，并结合 实地走访与专家意见构建了基于大数据的供应商选择指标体系，并提出了基于建筑大数 据平台的数据获取模式，然后采用专家打分法确定各指标权重，结合 20 个供应商的指 标数据，得到每个供应商的评价总分，作为 BP 神经网络模型训练的样本数据，采用 BP 神经网络算法构建了供应商选择模型，训练结果表明该模型能够适用于供应商的评价和 选择。其次，通过构建利益分配模型，讨论了建筑企业与供应商在传统合作模式和基于 大数据平台的合作模式两种情况下的收益分配情况，研究结果表明大数据技术的使用可 以提高联盟的总收益，合理的利益分配系数，可以帮助建筑企业和供应商形成动态稳定 的合作关系，有利于提升联盟整体和各企业的竞争力。最后，主要从即时反馈、信息共 享、风险防范和供应商监督四个方面给出了基于大数据平台的建筑企业供应商关系维护 策略。 本文将大数据管理的理念引入到了建筑企业供应商关系管理中的应用，对于供应商 关系理论的发展具有一定的借鉴意义，同时对建筑企业在大数据环境下如何进行供应商 选择及供应商关系管理有一定的指导意义，对供应商企业在大数据时代如何提升自身竞 争力和未来的发展也提供了方向。 关键词，建筑企业；供应商；大数据；战略联盟；BP 神经网络；合作伙伴关系。Abstract II Abstract With the rapid development of the new generation of information technology, Big Data has become an important resource like land and minerals. How to effectively mine the value of Big Data has become an important direction of the development of the new generation of information technology. Massive data will be generated in the manufacturing process of construction products, but the innovative application ability of construction enterprises to these massive data is weak, which makes it unable to meet the high requirements of market competition and industry transformation. At present, the relationship between construction enterprises and suppliers is still a short supply and demand relationship, and construction enterprises have insufficient knowledge of supplier relationship management, resulting in the waste of resources, increase of procurement costs and low efficiency. The emergence of Big Data provides new solutions to the problems faced by construction enterprises. Under the above background, this paper uses strategic alliance, game theory and other relevant theories, adopts BP neural network and cooperative game method to discuss the application of Big Data in supplier relationship management of construction enterprises. The main research content of this paper is to discuss how to select suppliers, establish cooperative relations with suppliers and how to maintain supplier relations in the context of Big Data. Firstly, by sorting out relevant domestic and foreign literatures and combining field visits and expert opinions, this paper constructs a supplier selection index system based on Big Data. The article also presented on the basis of building big data platform data acquisition mode. Then the weight of each index was determined by the expert scoring method, and the total evaluation score of each supplier was obtained by combining the index data of 20 suppliers. These data are taken as the sample data of BP neural network model training, and the supplier selection model is constructed by using BP neural network algorithm. The training results show that the model is suitable for supplier evaluation and selection. Secondly, by constructing the profit distribution model, this paper discusses the profit distribution between construction enterprises and suppliers under the traditional cooperation mode and the cooperation mode based on big data platform. The research results show that the use of big data technology can improve the total revenue of the alliance, and a reasonable benefit distribution coefficient is needed to help construction enterprises and suppliers form a dynamic and stable cooperative relationship, which is conducive to improving the overall competitiveness of the alliance and enterprises. Finally, this paper gives the maintenance strategy of the supplier relationship of construction enterprises based on the big data platform from four aspects: immediate feedback, information sharing, risk prevention and supplier supervision. This paper introduces the concept of big data management into the application of supplier relationship management in construction enterprises, which has certain referenceAbstract III significance for the development of supplier relationship theory. At the same time, it has certain guiding significance for construction enterprises to choose suppliers and manage supplier relations in the big data environment, and it also provides direction for suppliers to improve their competitiveness and future development in the big data era. Keywords: construction enterprises, suppliers, big data, strategic alliances, BP neural network, partnership.目 录 IV 目 录 摘要.................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT...........................................................................................................II 第 1 章 绪 论........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 论文的研究背景、目的和意义..................................................................................1 1.1.1 论文的背景及问题的提出...............................................................................1 1.1.2 论文的研究目的及意义...................................................................................2 1.2 国内外研究综述..........................................................................................................2 1.2.1 建筑企业供应商选择研究综述.......................................................................2 1.2.2 建筑企业供应商关系管理研究综述...............................................................3 1.2.3 大数据在建筑业的应用研究综述...................................................................4 1.3 本文的研究内容及创新点..........................................................................................6 1.4 研究方法与技术路线..................................................................................................7 1.4.1 研究方法...........................................................................................................7 1.4.2 技术路线...........................................................................................................8 1.5 本章小结......................................................................................................................8 第 2 章 相关理论基础..........................................................................................9 2.1 大数据的相关概述......................................................................................................9 2.1.1 大数据的基本概念...........................................................................................9 2.1.2 大数据在供应商关系管理中的应用...............................................................9 2.2 供应商关系管理理论..................................................................................................9 2.2.1 供应商关系管理...............................................................................................9 2.2.2 建筑企业供应商关系管理.............................................................................11 2.2.3 大数据环境下的建筑企业供应商关系管理.................................................11 2.3 战略联盟伙伴关系....................................................................................................11 2.3.1 战略联盟伙伴关系的内涵.............................................................................11 2.3.2 建筑企业与供应商的战略联盟伙伴关系.....................................................12 2.4 BP 神经网络理论.......................................................................................................13 2.4.1 神经网络的思想和原理.................................................................................13 2.4.2 BP 神经网络的学习算法和步骤....................................................................14 2.5 博弈论........................................................................................................................14 2.5.1 博弈论基本原理.............................................................................................14 2.5.2 合作博弈理论.................................................................................................15 2.6 本章小结....................................................................................................................15 第 3 章 基于 BP 神经网络的建筑企业供应商选择..........................................17目 录 V 3.1 建筑企业供应商的特点分析....................................................................................17 3.2 供应商选择大数据指标体系构建............................................................................17 3.2.1 大数据指标设置及其体系构建的原则..........................................................17 3.2.2 大数据指标分析及说明..................................................................................18 3.3 基于 BP 神经网络的供应商选择模型......................................................................19 3.3.1 建筑大数据平台.............................................................................................19 3.3.2 样本数据采集.................................................................................................20 3.3.3 模型网络设计.................................................................................................22 3.3.4 网络训练与验证.............................................................................................23 3.3.5 训练结果分析.................................................................................................23 3.4 本章小结....................................................................................................................25 第 4 章 基于大数据的建筑企业供应商战略联盟合作契约设计...................26 4.1 大数据环境下的建筑企业供应商战略联盟的建立.................................................26 4.1.1 战略联盟准入条件..........................................................................................26 4.1.2 战略联盟合作形式..........................................................................................27 4.2 大数据环境下的战略联盟合作契约模型的构建.....................................................27 4.2.1 问题描述及模型假设.....................................................................................27 4.2.2 两种情况下联盟合作契约模型构建.............................................................28 4.3 大数据环境下的战略联盟合作契约模型的分析.....................................................30 4.3.1 大数据环境下联盟合作关系的实现条件.....................................................30 4.3.2 数值分析.........................................................................................................31 4.4 本章小结....................................................................................................................32 第 5 章 基于大数据的建筑企业供应商关系维护............................................33 5.1 基于大数据平台的即时反馈机制............................................................................33 5.2 基于大数据平台的信息共享机制............................................................................34 5.3 基于大数据平台的风险防范机制............................................................................35 5.4 基于大数据平台的供应商监督机制........................................................................35 5.5 本章小结.....................................................................................................................36 总结及展望.......................................................................................................... 37 总结....................................................................................................................................37 展望....................................................................................................................................37