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MBA毕业论文_SN物流公司设备维修成本控制优化研究DOC

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随着我国经济水平和科学技术的飞速发展,越来越多的生产型企业意识到自动化生产的重 要性,逐渐用自动化设备代替了人力,也因此生产的管理的重心从对人的管理渐渐地偏移到设 备管理,如何通过设备维修来保障设备的良好运行至关重要,设备维修已经成为现代企业生产管 理的重要组成部分。尤其是对设备规模庞大,自动化程度极高,生产连续性强的企业来说,设 备维修的良好管理直接决定这企业的生产运营效率和成本。 目前许多企业的采用了自动化的生产技术,但是设备管理水平没有随着生产技术的提高而 提高,还停留在传统的管理模式上,表现为维修过程缺乏组织性,维修的进度缺乏有效的控制, 设备维修管理粗放,维修效率低下等诸多问题,这导致了维修过程中极大的资源浪费,造成维 修成本居高不下,给企业的生产经营带来了不小的压力。 本文的研究对象是 SN 物流公司的设备维修成本控制。SN 物流公司是一家为电商企业的提 供物流仓储中心以及订单拣选配送服务的公司。近年来随着电商的火热发展,越来越多为电商 配套服务的自动化物流仓储中心随之成立,自动化程度极高,设备规模庞大,维修难度较大, 维修成本在企业的运营成本中占比很高。同时由于电商之间的竞争激烈,导致许多电商连年亏 损,因此设备维修的相关支出给电商企业的运营带来了巨大的压力。因此如何在保证维修效果 的前提下,降低维修成本,对改善电商企业的经营状况有着重要的作用。因此本文结合 SN 物 流公司设备的维修情况,研究设备维修的成本进行合理有效的控制。 影响设备维修成本的因素多种多样,本文从影响设备维修的直接因素和间接因素着手分析, 发现维修环节中导致成本较高的薄弱环节,从缩小维修范围,加强维修进度控制,优化维修团 队组织架构,规范维修的质量,对维修过程中的风险提前识别、分析、处理,以及降低备件的 库存量这几个方面,提出维修成本的控制方法,降低了 SN 物流公司的设备维修成本。 关键词:维修成本,成本控制,自动化物流,备件库存SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制优化研究 II ABSTRACT At the fast development of our country’s economy and technology, more and more manufacturing companies realize the importance of automatic production, and use automatic machines to replace human resource gradually, therefore the focus of production management has been moving fromhuman management to equipment management, howto keep the machines good running status is the keypoint, machines’ maintenance now is an important part of modern companies’ production management. Especiallyto those companies who have large scale of machines with high automatic degree, and strong production continuity, good management of machines’ maintenance decides the production efficiency and costs. Now many companies use automatic production technology, but the machines’management level doesn’t follow the improvement of production technology, and still keeps the traditional management, manifested as lack of organization during maintenance, valid control of maintenance progress, the management is extensive and inefficient, this leads to a big waste of resource in maintenance, then causes the high costs, and make the pressure for companies’production and operation. The object of this article is cost’s control of SN logistics company’s machine maintenance. SN logistics company is one of that supplies a warehouse center, order picking and delivery service for the e-commerce companies. As the hot development of e-commerce in recent years, more and more automaticwarehouseswerebuiltupfore-commercecompanies,theautomaticdegreeisextremelyhigh, scale is huge, and hard to maintenance, the costs of maintenance take a big part of companies’costs.At the same time, due to the fierce competition among e-commerce companies, many of them are in loss year by year. So how to reduce the costs of maintenance while guarantee the machine maintenance status, is very helpful to improve the e-commerce companies’ financial status. That’s the reason of researching the reasonable and valid cost control of maintenance based on the situation of SN logistics company’s machine maintenance. There are various influencing factors of machine maintenance cost, in this article will analyze the direct and indirect factors, find the weak point in maintenance which leads to a high cost, from the side of narrow the scope of maintenance, enhance the control of maintenance progress, optimize the maintenance team organization structure, make standard maintenance quality demands, the risk’s identification, analysis, handling and decrease the storageof spare parts, put forward the control method of maintenance cost, reduce the equipment maintenance cost of SN logistics company. Keywords: Maintenance cost, cost control, automatic warehouse, spare parts storage南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 III 目录 第一章 绪论 ..........................................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景、目的和意义...............................................................................................................1 1.1.1 研究背景和目的....................................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究的意义............................................................................................................................2 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..........................................................................................................................4 1.2.1 国外研究现状........................................................................................................................4 1.2.2 国内研究现状........................................................................................................................5 1.3 研究内容与研究方法...................................................................................................................6 1.3.1 研究内容 ...............................................................................................................................6 1.3.2 研究方法 ...............................................................................................................................7 第二章 相关理论 ..................................................................................................................................9 2.1 设备维修管理和维修模式...........................................................................................................9 2.1.1 设备维修管理........................................................................................................................9 2.1.2 设备维修的模式....................................................................................................................9 2.2 成本控制和设备维修成本概念.................................................................................................13 2.2.1 成本控制概念......................................................................................................................13 2.2.2 设备维修成本概念..............................................................................................................14 2.3 相关控制方法 ............................................................................................................................16 第三章 SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制问题及分析.......................................................................19 3.1 SN 物流公司现状.......................................................................................................................19 3.2 SN 物流公司设备概况...............................................................................................................19 3.3 SN 物流公司设备维修部门概况...............................................................................................22 3.4 SN 物流公司设备维修成本概况...............................................................................................22 3.4.1 SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制流程................................................................................22 3.4.2 影响 SN 物流公司设备维修成本的因素..........................................................................23 3.4.3 SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制存在的问题....................................................................23 3.5 SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制的问题分析...........................................................................24 第四章 SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制优化...................................................................................27 4.1 设备的级别划分 ........................................................................................................................27 4.2 维修范围控制 ............................................................................................................................30SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制优化研究 IV 4.3 维修进度计划控制....................................................................................................................30 4.3.1 维修优先级控制..................................................................................................................30 4.3.3 基于关键路径法 CPM 的优化...........................................................................................32 4.3.4 基于关键链法 CCM 的优化..............................................................................................34 4.3.5 预防性维修的计划优化.....................................................................................................37 4.4 人力成本控制............................................................................................................................40 4.4.1 人员数量的优化.................................................................................................................40 4.4.2 基于 TPM 模式的组织架构优化 ......................................................................................41 4.5 维修的风险管理........................................................................................................................45 4.5.1 设备停机的风险识别..........................................................................................................46 4.5.2 点检风险的分析.................................................................................................................47 4.5.3 点检的风险管理.................................................................................................................48 4.6 设备维修的质量管理................................................................................................................49 4.6.1 制定设备维修质量标准.....................................................................................................49 4.6.2 监控设备质量数据.............................................................................................................50 4.7 备件库存控制............................................................................................................................51 第五章 SN 物流公司设备维修成本控制的保障措施.......................................................................55 5.1 完善人员激励考核制度.............................................................................................................55 5.2 加强员工的培训 ........................................................................................................................55 5.3 设备维修管理引入信息技术.....................................................................................................56 5.4 设备维修管理引入市场运行机制.............................................................................................56 第六章 研究结论与展望.....................................................................................................................58 6.1 研究结论 ....................................................................................................................................58 6.2 展望 ............................................................................................................................................58