摘要 煤炭行业和电力行业是我国的两大支柱性产业,由于我国煤炭多,油!气少 的能源资源特点,我国近80%的电力企业是靠煤发电的火电企业,与此同时,我 国煤炭产量的60%左右被用来发电煤炭企业和电力企业关系紧密但近年来我 国煤炭企业和电力企业之间的矛盾日益突出,双方就电煤价格问题争论不休,己 经严重影响到国民经济的发展!社会的稳定和人民群众的日常生活 煤炭企业和电力企业之间产生矛盾的根源在于:我国对这两大能源基础性产 业的管理体制存在问题,即/计划电0!/市场煤0的煤电价格双轨制问题从2000 年开始,我国逐渐放开了煤炭价格,煤炭逐步实现了市场化,所以煤炭企业销售 电煤的价格受供求关系影响很大,从2000年的几十元每吨上涨到2008年最高时 的一千多元每吨,2009年有小幅的回落而电价则由国家计划管制,由政府主导 这样就出现了很多火力发电企业因无力消耗电煤价格暴涨所带来的成本激增,被 迫停止发电的现象 国家为缓解煤电矛盾,在2004年出台了煤电价格联动政策,但由于我国经济 体制的原因,使煤电联动机制承载了较多的非成本目标,使其在煤炭行业和电力 行业间的成本传递的功能难以完全实现 煤电一体化是指火力发电企业与煤炭生产企业实行联合经营,既是企业的经 营方式,又是企业的组织形式对于煤炭企业和电力企业来说,煤电一体化有利 于企业延长产业链条!降低经营风险和成本!提高能源系统的整体效率;有利于 煤炭!电力与生态环境的综合治理,从而促进经济社会的可持续发展 本文在对我国煤!电行业矛盾和现实国情分析的基础上,提出煤电一体化的 解决方案,引入了Stackelberg博弈模型,对一体化企业和非一体化企业进行比较, 从理论上分析了煤电一体化企业在收益上的优势,并引入实例论证煤电一体化企 业较非一体化企业在收益及其他多方面的优势,验证了煤电一体化战略的可行性 和科学性 图[14]表[12]参[65] 关键词:煤电联动;煤电一体化;Stackelberg博弈 分类号:C939;630.4099安徽理工大学硕士学位报告AbstTaCI AbstraCt TheeoalindustryandelectricPowerindustryaretwovitalindustriesofChina. BecauseChina,5energyresources15eharacterizedbymoreeoalandless011andgas. Nearly80%ofChina,5Powerenterprisesarerelyingoneoal.Andabout60%of China,5coalProduetion15usedtogenerateelectrieity.50therelationshiPofcoal comPaniesandPowereomP翻es15elose.Butinrecentyears,theeontradietion betweenChin澎5eoaleomPaniesandPowereomPanieshavebeeomeinereasingly Prominent.ThedisPutefoeusedonthePriceofeoal,wlliehhasseriouslyaffeetedthe deVeloPmentofnationaleeonom又soeialstabilityandPeople,5dailylives. ThecontradictionsbetweeneoaleomP翻esandPowerenterprises15duetothe managementsystemofbasieindustryhasabuse.That15thePrieeofeleetrieity15 government一controlled,butthePrieeofcoal15market一deeided.Sinee2002,coal Prieeshaveaehievedamarket一oriented.Sineethen,thePrieeofeoalhaverised rapid,butthePrieeofeleetrieityhaverosedslowly.ThatbeeausethePrieeofeleetrieity 15eontrolledbythestate.50manyPowerPlantswereforeedtostoPProduetion beeausetheeostofgrowingtoofast. hiordertoeasethecontradietionsbetweentheeoaleomPaniesandthePowers, thegovernmenthaveincreasedthePrieeofelectrieityslightly.However,asChina,s eeonomieandinstitutionalreasons,theslightinereaseinPrieeofeleetrieitydoesnot helPthePowers.Almostallofthecoal一firedPowereomP耐esarefacinga1055in 2008. IntegrationofeoalandeleetrieityreferstoeoalenterprisesandPowershave collaboratedwithjointoPeration.ForthecoalcomP耐esandelectriePower enterprises,integrationhelPingtheenterprisestoeXtendtheindustrialehain,redueing businessriskandeost,imProvingtheoveralleffieieneyofenergysysterns.Meanwhlle integrationofeoalandeleetrieity15eondueivetomanageeeologiealenvironment eomPrehensively,therebycontributingthesustainabledevelopmentofeconomie. ThisPaPeranalyzeseonflictbetweenthecoalandPowerseetorsofChina,s,and ProPosesolution,that15integrationofeoalandeleetrieity.InthisPaper,author introdueestheStackelberggamemodeltoeomPareintegratedeomP丽eswith non一integratedeomP丽es.Theauthoreoneludestheearningsadvantageinintegrated安徽理工大学硕士学位报告Abstr郎t comP翻esthroughthetheoreticalanalysis.AndtheintroductionofaeomPrehensive examPleshowseomPrehensiveadvantageadvantagesofanintegratedenterprise,whjeh verifythefeasibilityandrationalityofintegrationofcoalandelectrieity. Figure[14]table[12]referenee[65] Key!Vords:eoal11nkwithPower,integrationofcoalandeleetrieity,stackelberggame Chinesebookseatalog:C939;630.4099 111安徽理工大学硕士学位报告目录 目录 要摘 Abstract....................,....................................................................................n 绪论 一!一 .1选题背景及意义 .2课题研究的目的 1.3报告研究的主要内容...........................................................................5 2煤电一体化概述,....................................................................................6 2.1纵向一体化...........................................................................................6 2.1.1纵向一体化理论综述....................,......................................6 2.1.2纵向一体化的形式.................................................................7 2.1.3纵向一体化的优势.................................................................7 2.2煤电一体化综述...................................................................................9 2.2.1理论上的煤电一体化..............................................,............9 2.2.2实践中的煤电一体化.................................................................9 2.2.3煤电一体化的内容..........................,...,........................10 2.3煤电一体化发展现状................................,..................................10 2.3.1国外煤电一体化发展现状.......................................................10 2.3.2我国煤电一体化发展现状.......................................................12 3我国实施煤电一体化的必要性及现实意义.............................................14 3.1煤电矛盾的原因及影响.....................................................,...,.14 3.1.1煤电之争的原因.......................................................................14 3.1.2煤电之争的影响.......................................................................16 3.2煤电价格联动的局限性..............,.,........................................16 3.2.1煤电价格联动概述...................................................................16 3.2.2国内外煤电联动机制对比.......................................................17 3.2.3中国煤电联动机制的局限性..................................................19 3.3我国实施煤电一体化的必要性.........................................................20安徽理工大学硕士学位报告目录 3.3.1对于煤炭企业.............................................20 3.3.2对于电力企业.........................................#.21 3.3.3煤电一体化符合科学发展观的要求.......................................22 引入模型.....................,.........................................................................23 4.1Stackelberg模型介绍..........................................................................23 4.2煤电一体化企业基于stackelberg博弈模型的收益分析.................23 4.2.1引入Stackelberg博弈模型......................................................23 4.2.2模型分析二,..................................................................27 4.2.3结论.........................................................................................31 引入实例论证煤电一体化的优势.........,.............................................32 5.1/淮南模式0的煤电一体化.......................,.................................32 5.1.1/淮南模式0煤电一体化简介.,............................,..........32 5.1.2.田集电厂的一体化模式分析..........................................33 5.2.引入实际数据证明煤电一体化的田集电厂的优势......,......34 5.2.1收益方面........,...................................................,...#......34 5.2.2生产技术指标.......................,.................36 5.2.3燃料管理指标.................,.................................#,44 4发电量指标...............................................................................47 5综合指标...................................................................................48 22q!q一!以 5.3本章小结.............................,.................................................50 结论...........................................................................................................51