在我国经济不断发展下，哈尔滨的旅游业逐渐兴起，五星级酒店的数量 也在不断增加。“国八条”的出台以及“三公经费”的减少，直接影响星级酒 店的经营，加上酒店业竞争越来越激烈，酒店业逐步走进微利润时代。酒店 不仅仅应该提高餐饮、住房等服务质量，更应该降低酒店的经营成本，而采 购成本是酒店成本的根本，应当引起酒店管理者的足够重视，酒店管理者应 当优化和创新采购管理理念，降低采购成本，使酒店的利润最大化。采取什 么有效措施使哈尔滨香格里拉酒店的采购管理更有效的实施，是本文的研究 的最终目的。 本文首先介绍了研究背景、研究意义和目的、国内外研究综述，对哈尔 滨香格里拉酒店的概况、采购部的概况、采购流程、采购内部控制现状做了 简单介绍，针对现阶段酒店的采购管理状况进行研究，总结了采购管理中存 在的问题，采购组织结构问题、采购流程问题、采购内部管理问题、供应商 管理问题、采购方式问题。针对采购管理中的问题提出了相应的改进方案， 最后在改进方案的基础上提出了强化酒店采购管理理念、加强酒店采购信息 化建设、完善酒店内部控制、加强人力资源保障四点保障措施。改进方案和 保障措施形成了一个立体的管理体系，改进后的采购管理能有效的降低酒店 的采购成本，为酒店创造更多的利润空间，提高酒店在本地市场的竞争力。 本文对哈尔滨香格里拉酒店的采购管理的研究，希望对现在酒店的采购 管理工作提供理论和实践的指导意义，对星级酒店采购管理工作起到推动性 作用。 关键词，酒店；采购管理；成本控制哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - II - Abstract With the continuous development of China's economy, tourism in Harbin is gradually rising, and the number of five-star hotels is also increasing. The publication of the Eight Articles and the reduction of the Three Public Funds have a direct impact on the operation of star-rated hotels. In addition, with the increasingly fierce competition in the hotel industry, the hotel industry has gradually entered the era of micro-profit. Hotel should not only improve the service quality of catering and housing, but also reduce the operating cost of the hotel. The procurement cost is the basis of the hotel cost, which should be paid enough attention by the hotel managers. The hotel managers should optimize and innovate the concept of procurement management, reduce the procurement cost and maximize the profits of the hotel. What effective measures should be taken to make the procurement management of Harbin Shangri-La Hotel more effective is the ultimate goal of this study. Firstly, this paper introduces the research background, research significance and purpose, domestic and foreign research summary, briefly introduces the general situation of Harbin Shangri-La Hotel, the general situation of purchasing department, purchasing process and the status quo of purchasing internal control, studies the purchasing management situation of hotels at this stage, and summarizes the problems existing in purchasing management: the problem of purchasing organizational structure and purchasing process. Topics, internal procurement management, supplier management, procurement methods. In view of the problems in purchasing management, the corresponding improvement plan is put forward. Finally, on the basis of the improvement plan, four safeguard measures are put forward: strengthening the concept of hotel purchasing management, strengthening the construction of hotel purchasing information, improving the internal control of hotels, and strengthening the human resources guarantee. The improved scheme and safeguard measures form a three-dimensional management system. The improved procurement management can effectively reduce the hotel's procurement cost, create more profit space for the hotel, and improve the competitiveness of the hotel in the local market.哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - III - This paper studies the procurement management of Harbin Shangri-La Hotel, hoping to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the current hotel procurement management, and play a driving role in the procurement management of star-rated hotels. Key words: Hotel, procurement management, cost control哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - IV - 目 录 摘要...............................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................II 目 录............................................................................................................................IV 第 1 章 绪论....................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景...............................................................................................................1 1.2 研究目的及研究意义.........................................................................................2 1.3 国内外研究现状及综述.....................................................................................4 1.3.1 国外研究现状.............................................................................................. 4 1.3.2 国内研究现状.............................................................................................. 5 1.3.3 国内外文献综述的简析.............................................................................7 1.4 研究内容和研究方法..........................................................................................7 1.4.1 研究内容........................................................................................................7 1.4.2 研究方法........................................................................................................8 第 2 章 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店采购现状及存在问题分析......................................9 2.1 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店的概况............................................................................ 9 2.2 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店采购部概况..................................................................12 2.2.1 采购部的职能............................................................................................12 2.2.2 采购经理的职责........................................................................................12 2.2.3 采购员的职责............................................................................................12 2.2.4 采购部与各部门关系............................................................................... 13 2.3 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店物资采购流程............................................................. 13 2.4 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店采购内部控制现状.....................................................15 2.5 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店采购管理存在的问题.................................................16 2.5.1 采购组织结构问题....................................................................................17 2.5.2 采购流程问题............................................................................................18 2.5.3 采购内部管理问题....................................................................................20 2.5.4 供应商管理问题........................................................................................22 2.5.5 采购方式问题............................................................................................23 2.6 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店问题成因分析..............................................................24 2.6.1 酒店采购管理观念落后............................................................................24哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - V - 2.6.2 缺少采购管理文化建设............................................................................24 2.6.3 片面降低采购成本.....................................................................................24 2.7 本章小结.............................................................................................................25 第 3 章 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店采购管理改进方案设计........................................ 26 3.1 采购管理改进原则........................................................................................... 26 3.2 改善采购组织机构........................................................................................... 26 3.2.1 采购部归入行政办管理...........................................................................26 3.2.2 财务部监控采购部....................................................................................27 3.2.3 细化采购员分工........................................................................................27 3.3 优化采购流程....................................................................................................28 3.3.1 落实采购计划与预算............................................................................... 28 3.3.2 缩短采购周期............................................................................................29 3.3.3 货品验收的控制........................................................................................30 3.4 采购内部管理的优化.......................................................................................31 3.4.1 文档归类.....................................................................................................31 3.4.2 制定采购标准............................................................................................32 3.4.3 加强采购人员管理....................................................................................33 3.5 建立供应商管理体系.......................................................................................33 3.5.1 供应商档案管理........................................................................................33 3.5.2 供应商的选择............................................................................................33 3.5.3 供应商评估管理........................................................................................37 3.5.4 供应商的培训............................................................................................39 3.6 采购形式多样化................................................................................................39 3.6.1“一站式”采购..........................................................................................39 3.6.2 集中采购.....................................................................................................40 3.6.3 网络化采购.................................................................................................40 3.7 本章小结.............................................................................................................41 第 4 章 哈尔滨香格里拉酒店有效保障措施..........................................................42 4.1 强化酒店采购管理理念...................................................................................42 4.1.1 降低管理成本............................................................................................42 4.1.2 食品安全监督............................................................................................42 4.1.3 降低维护成本............................................................................................42 4.1.4 节约日常成本............................................................................................43哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - VI - 4.2 加强酒店采购信息化建设...............................................................................43 4.2.1 采购资源共享............................................................................................43 4.2.2 建立采购信息平台....................................................................................44 4.2.3 优化采购信息系统....................................................................................44 4.3 完善酒店内部控制........................................................................................... 45 4.3.1 采购价格的控制........................................................................................45 4.3.2 财务付款控制............................................................................................45 4.3.3 加强对酒店各部门的采购控制..............................................................46 4.4 加强人力资源保障........................................................................................... 46 4.4.1 建立员工培训机制....................................................................................46 4.4.2 建立员工激励机制....................................................................................47 4.4.3 建立员工采购约束机制...........................................................................48 4.5 本章小结.............................................................................................................48 结 论............................................................................................................................50