随着新世纪的到来，尤其是我国加入 WTO 后，奶牛养殖业面临国际市 场的竞争，新型养殖业必须考虑降低生产成本、提高产品质量。以奶牛养殖为 代表的畜牧业进一步发展，将由传统的粗放型向现代集约型转变，由单纯追求 数量向追求质量效益型转变。无公害清洁生产方式将是畜牧业发展的大趋势， 这就要求采用先进的奶牛养殖工艺和与之配套的奶牛舍建筑设计和环境控制 技术。 奶牛养殖小区规划设计要大小适宜，规模不可过大。适度规模的小区，在 配种、饲料供应、疫病防治、市场营销和环境保护等方面便于统一管理，统一 经营，才能取得良好的经济效益和社会效益，因此，本人选择对养殖小区奶牛 场的规划设计进行研究，指在针对当前奶牛养殖小区存在的问题，提出我国奶 牛小区在建设中，应寻求一种经济实用、易于推广的思路；使奶牛养殖小区的 建设、规划和管理，在更适合当前畜牧养殖业发展的基础上，降低建筑造价、 便于环境控制、保证奶牛健康，改变传统养殖业的思想观念，走可持续发展的 道路。从而为奶牛提供良好的生活空间和良好的生产环境，充分发挥其生产潜 力，不断提高经济效益，使养殖小区奶牛业由数量型逐渐向质量型健康发展。 近几年来，随着经济和社会发展以及人民生活水平的日益提高，以种植业为 前提的奶业地位和作用日趋突出，受到社会的普遍关注和重视。奶牛养殖是所有 养殖业中经济效益最好的产业。发展奶牛养殖业不仅是农业结构调整的一项战略 性任务，而且是改善消费结构、提高人民健康水平的一项重大措施。世界各国对 发展奶牛养殖业生产和引导乳品消费都给予高度重视，许多国家把鼓励消费牛奶 和奶制品作为提高人民健康水平、增强民族身体素质的一项重要措施。奶业是全 世界公认的节粮、经济、高效型的产业，发展奶牛养殖小区对农业结构调整具有 重要的意义和深远的影响。 关键词， 奶牛养殖小区、可行性研究报告、黑龙江金禾 II Abstract With the advent of the new century, especially after China's accession to WTO， Dairy industry is facing the competition of international market，New industry must consider lowering production cost ， improve the quality of products .Further development in dairy farming as the representative of the animal husbandry，it shifts from extensive traditional to modern intensive, changes from the simple pursuit of quantity to quality and efficiency. Pollution-free clean production will be the trend of the development animal husbandry, This requires advanced technology of dairy farming and with the support of the cow house architectural design and environmental control technology. Planning and design of dairy farming community need the appropriate size, not too large scale. The moderate scale community facilitate unified management and operation in the aspects of breeding, feed supply, disease prevention and control, marketing and environmental protection etc., excellent economic and social benefits can also be obtained, thus I choose to research the planning and design of dairy farming community, aim at the existing problem of dairy farming community and put forward China's dairy areas in the building, should look for a kind of economical and practical, easily spread ideas; On the basis of more suitable for the current animal husbandry, the construction, planning and management of dairy farming community reduce construction cost, control environmental, ensure the healthy cows, change the traditional farming ideas, implement the road of sustainable development. To provide a good living space and good production environment for dairy cows，they reach fully potential，improve economic benefit，the dairy farming community develop from quantity type to quality type. In recent years，with the economic and social development and the increasing standards of the people，the position and role of the dairy industry has become more and more prominent and has been generally concerned and emphasized. Dairy III industry is the best benefit all aquaculture industry. Dairy industry is not only a strategic task of agricultural structural adjustment, but also to improve the consumption structure, improve an important measure for the people's health. The world give high attention for dairy industry production and the consumption of dairy productshave, many countries encourage the consumption of milk and dairy products in order to improve people's health level, strengthen an important measure of national physical fitness. The dairy industry is recognized around the world as the grain, economic, efficient of industry, the development of dairy farming community is far-reaching impact on the adjustment of agricultural structure. Keyword ， the feasibility study report、dairy farming community、Jinhe Heilongjiang I 目 录 第 1 章 总论.............................................................................................1 1.1 项目提要 .........................................................................................1 1.1.1 项目名称，黑龙江金禾奶牛养殖小区建设项目 ..................1 1.1.2 建设性质，新建 ......................................................................1 1.1.3 建设地点、规模、内容及建设期 ..........................................1 1.1.4 项目实施单位 ..........................................................................1 1.1.5 投资规模及资金构成 ..............................................................1 1.1.6 资金筹措 ..................................................................................1 1.1.7 主要技术经济指标 ..................................................................1 1.1.8 项目辐射范围及带动能力 ......................................................1 1.2 可行性研究报告编制依据 .............................................................2 1.3 综合评价和论证结论 .....................................................................2 1.3.1 综合评价 ..................................................................................2 1.3.2 论证结论 ..................................................................................2 1.4 存在问题和建议 .............................................................................3 第 2 章 项目建设的背景、条件 ............................................................4 2.1 项目背景及必要性 .........................................................................4 2.1.1 项目背景 ..................................................................................4 2.1.2 项目区农业产业化经营发展现状 ..........................................5 2.1.3 项目建设的必要性及目的意义 ..............................................6 2.2 项目建设的有利条件和制约因素 .................................................6 2.2.1 项目建设的有利条件 ..............................................................6 2.2.2 主要障碍因素及解决方案 ......................................................8 2.3 产品市场需求与预测 .....................................................................8 II 2.3.1 产品市场供应预测 ..................................................................8 2.3.2 产品市场需求预测 ..................................................................8 2.3.3 产品销售方案、营销策略 ......................................................9 第 3 章 项目建设方案与管理 ..............................................................10 3.1 项目建设方案 ...............................................................................10 3.1.1 建设规模和内容 ....................................................................10 3.1.2 奶牛小区选址和功能 ............................................................10 3.1.3 牛舍与青贮窖建设 ................................................................11 3.1.4 榨奶站建设 ............................................................................11 3.2 奶牛小区生产技术规程 ...............................................................13 3.2.1 良种奶牛的引进与繁育管理 ................................................13 3.2.2 高产奶牛饲养技术 ................................................................14 3.2.3 全价混合饲料 ........................................................................15 3.2.4 集中榨奶技术 ........................................................................16 3.2.5 奶牛小区的科学管理 ............................................................16 3.3 项目管理 .......................................................................................17 3.3.1 劳动定员 ................................................................................17 3.3.2 项目经营管理模式及措施 ....................................................17 3.3.3 技术培训 ................................................................................18 3.4 项目进度与招标采购方案 ...........................................................18 3.4.1 项目实施与进度安排 ............................................................18 3.4.2 项目招标采购方案 ................................................................19 第 4 章 投资估算与财务评价 ..............................................................20 4.1 投资估算与资金筹措 ...................................................................20 4.1.1 投资估算依据 ........................................................................20 4.1.2 项目建设投资估算 ................................................................20 4.1.3 资金来源与筹措 ....................................................................20 4.1.4 资金使用和管理 ....................................................................20 III 4.2 财务评价 .......................................................................................21 4.2.1 财务评价依据 ........................................................................21 4.2.2 销售收入 ................................................................................22 4.2.3 总成本及经营成本估算 ........................................................22 4.2.4 财务效益分析 ........................................................................23 4.2.5 不确定性分析 ........................................................................23 4.2.6 财务评价结论 ........................................................................24 第 5 章 环境评价...................................................................................25 5.1 环境影响 .......................................................................................25 5.2 环境保护与治理措施 ...................................................................25 第 6 章 结论与建议 ..............................................................................26 6.1 结论 ...............................................................................................26 6.2 建议 ...............................................................................................26