包头市能源消耗仍以煤炭和燃油为主,能源结构欠合理,环境污染严重近年 来,煤炭和燃料需求缺口逐年上升,2004年后煤炭和汽油涨价幅度超过40%,能源 的供应逐渐成为制约包头经济发展的瓶颈1997年市区主要空气污染物!TSP!氮 氧化和物!CO的年日均值分别为0.1毫克/立米!0.44毫克/立米!0.049毫克/立米! 4.536毫克/立米,均超过二级标准限值,日均超标率分别为18.36%!82.08%!3.12%! 38.72%可见包头市的城区环境空气己严重污染 包头市的大气污染以煤烟污染和汽车尾气污染为主,全市年耗煤量近1100万吨, 烟尘排放量152998吨/年,粉尘排放量74546吨/年,二氧化碳排放量2563吨/年, 氟化物排放量巧.3吨/年,CO排放量71400吨/年,属重度污染城市,大气环境鱼待 解决 包头市的城市燃气发展始于1980年,是利用包钢焦化厂的副产品)焦炉煤 气,经二次净化输送给城市用户,热值较低为4200千卡/立米2004年底包头市燃 气公司已为一机!二机!铝厂等工业用户提供天然气,并将液化石油气混空气民用 户2万户和部分公建用户置换为天然气用户效果良好 天然气入包,优先解决居民及公共建筑用气,积极发展工业用气,并大力发展 天然气汽车项目 天然气是一种清洁能源,在我国储量较大,包头市天然气的引入正是/西气东输0 组成部分之一,它将为包头市提供高效清洁的能源,无论工业!民用,还是公共事 业都将受益非浅 本报告研究包头市城市现状,充分考虑包头市的现有燃气输配系统能力及利用 情况,结合远期和近期发展情况,使研究结果满足安全!均衡!平稳的供气要求 另外,运用项目投资分析方法,以项目经济上合理,运行系统达到较先进水平 为目标,分析了项目投资效益, 在报告写作过程中,作者参阅了国家计委和内蒙古关于天然气的总体规划的若西安建筑科技大学硕士报告 干文件,并调阅了包头市燃气总公司提供的相关图纸!档案!生产经营状况汇总资 料等,咨询了燃气设备的合格供货商,并对行业内兄弟单位的天然气输配系统运行 和改造活动进行了调研 关键词:天然气;污染;环境;能源;清洁;西安建筑科技大学硕士报告 TheFeasib讯tyStudyForTheNaturalGasEnglneeringof 肠ansmissfonandDistributionsystem(IncludeTheNatural GasStation)ofTheBaotoucity SPecialty:Architeeture&CivilEngineering Graduate:ZuoYongliang SuPervisor:LiAnguiA.Professor ZuoJunlingSeniorEngineer AbstraCt TheBaotouCity15aeomPrehensiveindustrialeityrelyingmainiyonmetallurgyand machine一building.Theeoal15themainenergyeonsumPtioninBaotouCity,andits strue姗eofenergyeonsumPtion15absolutelyunreasonable,anditeausesveryheavy Pollution.ThedailyaveragevalueinayearofthemainairPollutantsintheeityProPer suehas502,TSP,NOx,andCOare0.100m留m3,0.440m咖3,0.049m留m3,and4.536 m留m3resPeetively,andallofthemhaveexeeededthelimitvaluesintheseeondary standard.Andtheratiosexeeedingthelimitofdailyaveragevalueare18.36%.82.08%, 3.12%,and38.72%resPectively.Besides,theannualaveragevalueoffluoridehasalso exeeededthelimit,anditsratioofexeeeding. TheeoalsmokePollutionPlaysthefirstroleintheatmosPheriePollutionofBaotou City.TheannualeoaleonsumPtionofthewholeeity15eloseto11.00milliontoneswith theannualdisehargeamountofsmokeanddust15152,998tons/an:thedust,74,546 tons/an:theearbondioxide,2,563tons/an;thefluoride,15.3tons/an.AsforthePollutants fromautomobileexhausttotheair,thedisehargeamountofhydroearbons156,348tons/an: theNOx,5,292tons/an;theCO,71,400tons/an二 TheraisingoftheleveloftheeustomerPenetrationoftheeitygas15animPortant measureforimProvingtheurbanatmosPherieenvironmeni. ThenaturalgaseomesfromtheWestemRegionNaturalGasJoint一StoekCo.Now,it servesBaotou,5industry,andPublieutility. TheeitygasindustryoftheBaotouCitywaseonuneneedfrom1980,andtheeoke ovengaseomesfromtheeokingPlantofBaotouIron&SteelCo.,andafterthe Purifieationtreatment,itwassenitotheurbanresidentialeustomers.Itsealorifievalue15 4,200kCal/m3. ThisartieleinvestigatesBAOTOU.5Presentsituation,Itfullyeonsideredthe abilityandtheeffieieneyofthefuelgastransitionsysteminBAOTOU,eombiningthe 川 :夕西安建筑科技大学硕士报告 develoPmentinthefutureandtheshortterm.Theresultoftheinvestigationfulfilssafe, equilibriumandsteadyofthegassuPPlyneeds. Inaddition,usingthemethodofProjeetinvestmentanalysis,objeettoeeonomy reasonableandgettingtotheadvaneedstandardtoinvestigatethebenefitofProjeet investigate. Whenthisaetiele15Processing,theauthorreaddoeumenisabouttheeountry eommissionandtheoverallPlanofNaturalgasinInnerMongolia,andalsothePietures, files,andrePortssuPPliedbyBAOTOUGASCOMPANYaskingsuPPlierofgas equiPment,havinginvestigatedtransitsystemandalterationofnaturalgas. Kcywords:naturalgas;ponution;enviro~nt:Energy;clean IV 丁西安建筑科技大学硕士报告 目录 包头市概况及研究内容 1.1城市人文地理简介. 1城市概况及城市人口规模 2城市能源供应及环境现状 1.2城市燃气现状..................................................................................................2 1.2.1焦炉煤气..................................................................................................2 1.2.2天然气......................................................................................................2 1.2.3液化石油气..............................................................................................2 1.3项目建设的必要性..........................................................................................3 1.3.1改变能源结构的需要...................................,....................................3 1.3.2改善大气环境质量的需要......................................................................3 1.3.3建设文明城市的需要..............................................................................3 1-4工程建设内容!投资及建设进度..............................................................4 1.4.1工程规模..................................................................................................4 1.4.2工程建设内容..........................................................................................4 1.4.3工程建设进度..........................................................................................4 2气源基础数据.///.,000.0/,00..00////,.000/////.00..0./.,0/00..,000....5 2.1气源简介..........................................................................................................5 2.2长庆气田第二净化厂天然气产品的基本参数..............................................5 2.3供气压力及调峰.............................,..........................................................5 3用气市场!用气量及储气量,0/00/././0.,0.//.,000///.00../0:.0二0.00..0/,.0.6 3.1供气范围..........................................................................................................6 3.2供气原则..........................................................................................................6 3.3各类用户用气量指标......................................................................................6 3.3.1城市管网用户用气指标....................................................................,..,6 3.4各类用户用气不均匀系数..............................................................................7 3.4.1各类用户用气月不均匀系数..................................................................7 3.4.2各类用户日用气不均匀系数..................................................................8 3.4.3各类用户时用气不均匀系数..................................................................8 3.5各类用户用气量调查统计..............................................................................9 3.5.1城市管网用户..........................................................................................9西安建筑科技大学硕士报告 3.5.2天然气加气站汽车(出租车!公交车!小轿车)............................10 3.6各类用户年用气量计算................................................................................10 3.6.1城市管网用户用气量............................................................................10 3.6.2天然气加气站用气量............................................................................10 3.7用气量平衡....................................................................................................10 3.8储气量及储气方式的确定....,.................,.........................................11 3.8.1储气系数的确定...,..........................................................................n 3.8.2储气量....................................................................................................12 3.8.3储气方式的确定.......................................................................................12 4输配系统.//...0..0//.000/00..//000../..,000////二00..00/.,00///.,00二/.,14 4.1压力级制的确定............................................................................................14 4.2输配系统组成及工艺流程............................................................................14 4.2.1输配系统组成........................................................................................14 4.2.2工艺流程................................................................................................14 4.3供气方式........................................................................................................14 5天然气门站..,0..00/..,00,0二0/二00..//二00:.////000/..//.,0//./..,00///..,.15 5.1简述..........................,...............................................................................巧 5.2包钢门站........................................................................................................巧 5.2.1站址........................................................................................................巧 5.2.2工艺设计.......................................,..................................................15 6高压管道设计原则./0/..,0//./.0/,00..0//,0二0/////二0.00/.,00.0.///二00/,16 7高中压调压计量站设计./.,0/00/.,00二0/..,0,////.,0..//二//0//./二0/.17 8中压输配管网....../..,/..../....../.._.........0.,/.0.,0二0.0.,18 8.1概述..........................,...............................................................................18 8.2流程及压力级制......,...............................................................................18 8.3管材................................................................................................................18 8.4调压设施........................................................................................................18 9燃气置换和管网改造工程./0/0/00/..0//0/0../0///0///00../0../0///0/0/0/,.20 9.1现状人工煤气输配系统的改造和利用........................................................20 9.1.1压力级制及供气方式............................................................................20 9.1.2储气设施..........,...............................................................................20 9.1.3调压设施................................................................................................20西安建筑科技大学硕士报告 9.1.4管材............................................................................................,.....21 9.1.5附属设施.............................................................................,............21 9.1.6用户设施.........................................................................................,21 9.2燃气置换工程................................................................................................23 9.2.1置换天然气工程的基本程序.............................................,............23 9.2.2转换起点方案........................................................................................23 10CNG汽车加气站/..//./.0000/二0./.,0/二/.0000..0././二00:.0.0..00/../.24 10.1概述..............................................................................................................24 10.2CNG母站.....................................................................................................24 10.2.1母站选址与布局..................................................................................24 10.2.2母站规模..............................................................................................24 10.2.3母站总图与建筑..................................................................................26 10.3CNG加气子站.............................................................................................30 10.3.1CNG加气子站选址及布局原则........................................................30 10.3.2加气子站设计规模..............................................................................31 10.3.3子站工艺流程......................................................................................31 10.3.4子站总图与建筑...............................................................,............犯 11工程进度安排00..0///,0/00/二000,.0///../0./////.0000/.././/,/,33 12投资估算及资金筹措.0//./.0./0/./.000/00/..,/:.0.0..////./././.0:.0////,.0.34 12.1投资估算......................................................................................................34 12.1.1编制依据..............................................................................................34 12.1.2编制内容..............................................................................................34 12.1.3有关说明..............................................................................................34 12.2资金筹措...........................,...........,..................................................35 13财务分析./二000////.000/..0/.0.0....00///.....000..0/0/二/.0:./,.36 13.1编制依据.....................,..........................................................................36 13.2基础资料..................................................................................,.............36 13.2.1成本费用......,二,..........................................................................36 13.2.2销售收入和销售税金及附加...........................................,............37 13.2.3利润分配..............................................................................................37 13.3财务分析......................................................................................................37 13.3.1财务盈利能力分析..........................................................................37 矛西安建筑科技大学硕士报告 13.3.2清偿能力分析............................................................................,...38 13.3.3盈亏平衡分析......................................................................................38 13.3.4敏感性分析..........................................................................................38 14结论.00/0/..,/二//.,00//0////二0/0./.,00..,/,/00///二/,0./00,.3, 致谢二0/.0./.,0//.,00.000.000//../.0.0////,00//00.////..,/.00/..///.,/._二40