中国与韩国地缘相近，两国人民之间的经济文化交流历史悠久，两国相近的地理 优势，互补的经济结构，两国发展利益的需要等构成了两国经贸深入合作的前提。 建交 20 年来，中韩关系突飞猛进。经贸关系迅速发展，中国连续多年成为韩国 最大的贸易伙伴、最大的出口市场、最大的贸易顺差来源地和最大的投资对象国，韩 国已经成为中国的第三大贸易伙伴、第二大进口来源国和第三大出口目的国。当前， 两国关系进入新的历史时期，中韩自贸区的建立备受关注。中韩两国期待双方谈判的 顺利进行，早日完成这一具有历史意义的庞大工程，但是各种复杂的干扰因素有可能 产生制约和迟滞作用。 本文主要回顾中韩经贸关系的发展历程，总结中韩贸易的现状以及直接投资情 况，剖析中韩经贸逆差缘由，预测双方经贸的发展趋势；从中韩 FTA 对东亚区域经 济合作影响、东亚区域双边自贸协定的发展促进中韩 FTA、建立中韩 FTA 对中韩两 国双边贸易和投资的影响三个方面分析了建立中韩 FTA 的必要性；从中韩双边贸易 不断增长、投资不断深化、商品结构存在互补性等 9 大方面研究建立中韩 FTA 的有 利优势，从中韩双边贸易逆差、贸易摩擦、敏感产业开放顾虑等 9 大方面分了建立中 韩 FTA 的不利影响因素，进而提出加快、促进中韩自贸区建立的策略建议。 关键词: 自由贸易区，中韩贸易，自由贸易协定II Study on Sino-Korea Economic Relations and Establishment of Bilateral FTA Abstract China and Korea, as neighbours, have long history of ecomomic and cultural communications and exchanges. The geographic advantage, the complementary economic structures, and the common need of better development of economy facilitate the further cooperation with each other. The diplomatic relationship between China and Korea has been established for more than 20 years, during this period, the economic relationship has been improved rapidly, trade and investment volume keep soaring. Now China is Korea’s largest trade partner. For years, China has been the largest trade partner, largest export market, largest trade surplus source and largest investment receiver of Korea; while Korea has been the third largest trade partner, the second largest import source and the fourth export market of China. Nowadays the relationship between the two countries is confronted with new circumstances, therefore the establishment of FTA becomes more and more important. There are lots of advantages to establish Sino-Korea FTA, China and Korea expect the negotiation would proceed smoothly and to complete this historical project. However, many complex interferential factors perhaps will restrict and delay the FTA project. In this thesis, the development process of the economic and diplomatic relationship between the two countries is reviewed, the status quo is thoroughly analyzed, the reasons of China's long-term trade deficit are listed, the cooperative tendency is predicted; the necessity of establishing Sino-Korea FTA is analyzed from the following three aspects: the positive influence on the East Asia regional economic cooperation, development of bilateral trade agreement in East Asia facilitate Sino-Korea FTA and the development of the cooperation between China and Korea itself becomes the main reason. And this thesis lists nine main advantages to establish China-Korea FTA, 9 main problems that might hinder the establishment as well, basing on which, some new strategic advices are given accordingly. Key words，Free Trade Area, Sino-Korea Trade, Free trade AgreementIII 目 录 摘要................................................................................................................................I Abstract................................................................................................................................. II 第一章 绪论.........................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景和意义......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 本文的研究背景............................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 本文的研究意义............................................................................................................... 2 1.2 研究现状 .................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 关于中韩贸易现状、贸易特点的研究........................................................................... 3 1.2.2 关于中韩自由贸易区的研究........................................................................................... 5 1.2.3 简要评述........................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 研究内容 .................................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 创新点 ........................................................................................................................................ 8 第二章 自由贸易区的相关理论.........................................................................................9 2.1 自由贸易区理论......................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 要素禀赋理论............................................................................................................................. 9 2.3 比较优势理论............................................................................................................................. 9 2.4 关税同盟理论........................................................................................................................... 10 2.5 贸易保护理论........................................................................................................................... 10 第三章 中韩经贸关系与建立双边 FTA 的必要性........................................................11 3.1 中韩经贸关系........................................................................................................................... 11 3.1.1 中韩经贸关系发展的历史回顾..................................................................................... 11 3.1.2 中韩双边贸易的发展现状............................................................................................. 13 3.1.3 中韩双边直接投资的发展与现状................................................................................. 14 3.2 中韩贸易逆差问题................................................................................................................... 17 3.2.1 中韩贸易逆差的状况..................................................................................................... 17 3.2.2 中韩贸易逆差形成的原因分析..................................................................................... 18 3.3 中韩贸易壁垒问题................................................................................................................... 21 3.4 建立中韩自由贸易区的必要性分析....................................................................................... 21 3.4.1 东亚区域经济合作使得中韩双边自贸合作成为必要 ................................................. 21 3.4.2 东亚双边自贸协定的发展要求建立中韩双边 FTA..................................................... 22 3.4.3 中韩 FTA 是两国双边贸易和投资发展的必然要求.................................................... 24 第四章 建立中韩双边 FTA 的可行性..............................................................................26 4.1 中韩双边 FTA 建立历程 ......................................................................................................... 26 4.2 构建中韩双边 FTA 的有利条件 ............................................................................................. 28 4.2.1 中韩双边贸易迅猛增长为 FTA 奠定基础.................................................................... 28 4.2.2 中韩双边投资深化发展为 FTA 奠定基础.................................................................... 29沈阳工业大学硕士学位报告 IV 4.2.3 中韩产品结构的互补性为 FTA 提供了可行性............................................................ 30 4.2.4 中韩产业结构的互补性为 FTA 提供了有利条件........................................................ 31 4.2.5 平稳的政治关系为 FTA 铺平了道路............................................................................ 31 4.2.6 中国对世界经济的影响加强成为有利因素................................................................. 32 4.2.7 中韩两国共同追求 FTA 建立成为前提条件................................................................ 32 4.2.8 双方利益诉求契合助推 FTA 建立................................................................................ 32 4.2.9 其他有利因素................................................................................................................ 33 4.3 构建中韩双边 FTA 的制约因素............................................................................................ 34 4.3.1 政治领域问题的影响..................................................................................................... 34 4.3.2 中韩贸易发展失衡的影响............................................................................................. 35 4.3.3 中韩贸易摩擦问题的影响............................................................................................ 36 4.3.4 敏感产业开放顾虑的影响............................................................................................. 38 4.3.5 世界格局变革的大环境的影响..................................................................................... 38 4.3.6 双方利益关切点和 FTA 战略动机差异的影响............................................................ 38 4.3.7 韩方相关内政问题的影响............................................................................................. 39 4.3.8 追求狭隘利益将对中韩双边 FTA 造成不利影响........................................................ 39 4.3.9 其他一些不利影响因素................................................................................................. 39 第五章 推进中韩 FTA 的对策建议..................................................................................41 5.1 实施正确的谈判战略............................................................................................................... 41 5.2 合理解决敏感问题，循序渐进实现双边贸易自由化........................................................... 42 5.3 合理处理政治领域问题........................................................................................................... 44 5.4 加强沟通，重视媒体工作....................................................................................................... 44 5.5 缩减贸易逆差，平衡双方经贸............................................................................................... 45 5.6 采取先局部策略，分区域逐步推进 FTA.............................................................................. 46 第六章 结论.......................................................................................................................48