SGB丫公司转炉烟气净化回收项目的可行性研究 摘要 20世纪50年代以来,氧气顶吹转炉炼钢得到了迅速发展,成为当今主流炼 钢技术转炉烟气C0及含尘量高,直接排放将对环境造成严重污染,也浪费了 大量的优质能源,需要对烟气进行净化处理后才能排放 转炉烟气净化未燃法有湿法!干湿结合法和干法三类,湿法主要是0G工艺 和RSW工艺,干法主要是LT工艺,干湿结合法因除尘和能源利用效果不好而很 少采用我国炼钢厂主要采用0G工艺,烟气排放含尘浓度在IOOmg/Nm3左右, 提高了空气质量,并形成了成熟的操作和管理制度近年来国内个别企业采用 RSW工艺,比0G工艺提高了除尘效果,水!电消耗也有所降低但0G工艺和RSW 工艺属于湿法除尘,未改变水洗烟气除尘模式,系统阻力较大,除尘和煤气回收 能力无法进一步提高LT工艺采用双介质喷咀通过蒸汽将冷却水雾化成液滴冷 却烟气,用静电除尘器进行精除尘,除尘效率高;因系统阻力损失小,水!电消 耗也显著下降,煤气回收水平明显提高因LT工艺核心技术由国外公司控制, 前期投资较高,对炼钢操作要求也比较严格,国内很多厂家对其敬而远之 面对当今严峻的生态!资源形势和日益上涨的成本压力,冶金企业采用新工 艺!新技术提高环境质量!降低资源消耗的要求也日益迫切炼钢整体装备水平 的提高!国家产业政策的支持和国际汇率市场的变化,使技术先进的LT烟气处 理工艺进入国内炼钢厂成为可能 首钢集团地处北京市石景山区,根据北京市发展规划,首钢涉钢产业将陆续 迁出北京市,在河北唐山市京唐港附近建设钢铁基地,SGBY公司是其子项目之 一SGBY公司炼钢主体设备采取自主集成方式,而转炉烟气净化工艺有传统的 0G方案和较新的RSw方案和LT方案可供选择,因此需要进行项目可行性研究 本文主要研究内容如下: (1)论述项目实施的必要性和有利因素; (2)对三种不同工艺技术进行评价; (3)确定三种不同工艺技术相应的项目建设方案; (4)对三种不同方案进行财务评价,确定项目的可行性 通过对三种方案进行技术和经济评估,LT方案技术先进,虽然前期投资高, 但回本期短,盈利水平高,对保护环境和节约资源效果显著,SGBY公司应采用 LT工艺进行转炉烟气净化及回收最后,对炼钢厂实施LT工艺提出了建议 关键词:转炉烟气;净化回收;LT工艺;可行性研究:财务评价东北大学硕士学位报告Abstraet ThefeasibilitystudyonOxygenConverterGas PurineationandrecyelesofSGBYLtd. Abstract TheLDProcessdeveloPedraPidlysinee1950.5andbeeomethemainstream nowadays.TheeonvertergasneedPurifieationbeforereleasedbeeausethe environmentPollutionandenergywastewhicheausedbyhighCOanddusteontented gasreleaseddirectly. Thenone一eombustiongasPurifieationtreatmentProeesseontainsnon一aqueous reProeessing,dry一wetreProeessingandwetreProeessing.ThewetreProeessing ineludingOGProeessandRSWProeess,andnon一aqueousreProeessingmainly includingLTProcess.Thedry一wetreProcessing15usedlessbecauseofbad effeetivenessofdedustingandenergyutilizationrate.OGProeess15widelyusedin domestiemeltingshoPsandalreadyformedmaturedoPerationandmanagement systems.ThequalityofairimProvedbeeausedustcontentinreleasedgas15about loomg/Nm3,someinternalindustriesstarttouseRswprocessinreeentyears,itean savewaterandPoweraswellasincreasethePurifieationeffeetivenessButRSWand OGbelongtowetreProeessingandtheabilitiesofdedustingandgasreeyelesean.t imProvedfurtherbasedontheunchangedsystemofdedustingbymeansofwater Cleaninggasandhighsystemresistanee.ThededustingeffieieneyofLTProeess15 highbeeauseiteoolinggasbyatomizationcoolingwaterwithdoublemediums nozzlesandhighdedustinge伍eieneybasedonrededustingbyelectrostatie PreeiPitator(EPorESP).AndbenefitedbylowsystemPressure1055theeonsumPtion ofwaterandPowerdramatiedeelinedandgasreeyeleslevelimProvedaPParently. TheaPPliedrangeofLTProcess15smallbeeausethekeyteehnological15eontrolled byforeigncomPaniesandthePriorPeriodinvestment15highandtherequestson stableoPerationofsteelmakingarequitestriet. TherequirementsofimProveenvironmentqualityanddeelineresource consumPtionbyusingnewProeessandtechnologyareaetivelyinereasinglyin metallurgyenterprisesbeeauseofausterezoologyandresoureesituationand inereasinglyriseeost.It15PossiblethatLTgastreatmentProeessbeusedindomestic meltingshoPwiththeimProvementofsteelmakingoverallequiPmentsleveland nationalindustrialPolieysuPPortandtheehangeofinternationalexchangerate.东北大学硕士学位报告Abstraet ShougangGrouPloealonShijingshan,Beijing.Themetallurgyindustryof ShougangGrouPwillinsuccessionrem0ValfromBeijingaceordingtothe develoPmentPlanningofBeijingeity.SGBYLtd.15asub一itemofthebasewhieh buildsinJingtanghaven,Tangshaneity,HebeiProvinee.Themainsteelmaking equiPmentsofSGBYLtd.areautonomousintegrated.TheeonvertergasPurifieation Proeessneedsfeasibilitystudybeeausetherearethreeselections,elassiealOGProeess, newRSWProeessandLTProeess.MainreseareheswereearriedinthisPaPer,such as: (1)DiscussontheneeessityofitemexecutionandfeasibilityofProcess; (2)TeehnologyassessmentonthreetyPesehemeswhichineludingOGProeess, RSWProcessandLTProeess; (3)ItemdeveloPmentschemeofthreetyPeschemes; (4)Financialevaluationofthreetypeschemes# LTProeess15anadvaneedteehnologythroughtheteehnologyandeconomy evaluationtothreetyPesehemesalthoughitsinvestmenthigherthanothertwo Proeesses.TheadvantagesofthisProeessincludingshortPaybaCkPeriodandhigh ProfitlevelandtheobviouseffeetonenvironmentProteetionandresourcesave.LT ProeessshouldbeusedtoPurgeandreeyeleeonvertergasinmeltingshoPofSGBY Ltd.SomeoPinionsandProPosalsfortheimPlementationofLTaregiveninthis PaPCT. Keywords:eonvertergas;Purifieationandreeyeles:LTProeess:feasibilitystudy: finanCialevaluation东北大学硕士学位报告目录 目录 独创性声明二二0/..0,0..,0..,/.........0,/.,/二/二0..,0.0.00#../#,In 摘要.....................一....................................................................................JV ABsTRACT......00........................................./.0....0................V 第1章绪论 1.1研究背景.................................................................................................1 1.1.1转炉炼钢技术的产生与发展..........................................................1 1.1.2国内外转炉炼钢!烟气处理技术现状..........................................2 1.13首钢转炉炼钢烟气处理现状..........................................................4 1.1.4SGBY公司炼钢工程项目概况......................................................4 1.2研究意义.................................................................................................6 1.3研究内容与方法............................,..................................................6 7 1.3.1研究内容 1.3.2研究方法 1.4报告框架 第2章相关理论 2.1转炉炼钢及烟气处理技术基本原理.....................................................9 2.1.1转炉炼钢基本工艺..........................................................................9 2.1.2转炉炼钢产生烟气的处理方法............................................10 2.2项目可行性研究理论....................................................................12 2.21可行性研究的含义与作用............,.........................................12 2.2.2可行性研究的步骤及内容............................................................13 2.2.2.1可行性研究的步骤................................................................13 2.2.2.2可行性研究的主要内容........................................................13 2.2.3项目可行性研究报告的编制依据.....,................................16 2.2.4财务评价的主要方法.............................................................17 2.2.4.1净现值法................................................................................17 2.2.4.2投资回收期法........................................................................17 2.2.4.3内部收益率法........................................................................17 2.2.5盈亏平衡分析................................................................................17 2.2.6敏感性分析....................................................................................18东北大学硕士学位报告 第3章项目实施必要性和有利因素....0.............0/.......0.,0..,19 3.1实施转炉烟气净化回收项目的必要性..,......................................19 3.1.1是缓解我国水!电资源紧缺矛盾的客观需要............................19 31.2是建设良好生态环境!实现冶金企业可持续发展的需要........20 3.1.3是炼钢厂降低生产成本!提高利润的有力工具........................21 3.2实施转炉烟气净化回收项目的有利因素...........................................21 3.2.1国家环保产业政策扶持................................................................21 32.2炼钢整体技术装备水平显著提高................................................22 3.2.3汇率市场变化降低了技术和设备引进成本................................22 3.2.4国内外实施的烟气净化回收项目效果良好................,.........22 第4章三种不同方案的技术评价,/0/0..000.0.0二0.0二/00.0.0.0二0.0二0.,23 4.1三种技术方案简介........................................................................23 4.1.1OG工艺............................................................................................23 4.1.1.1基本原理.................................................................................23 4.1.1.2工艺流程.................................................................................25 4.1.1.3主要设备..........................................................................25 4.1.1.4特点及应用情况.....................................................................26 4.1.2RSW工艺.....................................................................................26 4.1.2.1基本原理...............................................................................,.27 4.1.2.2工艺流程.................................................................................27 4.1.2.3主要设备..............................................................,........27 4.1.2.4特点及应用情况..................................................二二.....28 4.1.3LT工艺...............................................!..............................28 4.1.3.1基本原理....................,...............................................28 4.1.3.2工艺流程.............................,......................................30 4.1.3.3主要设备...........................................................30 4.1.3.4特点及应用情况.....................,.........................................32 4.2烟气净化及回收主要技术指标分析...................................................32 4.2.1环境质量指标..................,................................................32 4.2.2能耗...................................................,............,............33 4.2.3资源回收.................................................................................34 4.2.4项目占地.......................................................,..........,........34 4.2.5设备维护..,......................................,.......................35 一Vlll-东北大学硕士学位报告目录 4.3各方案的综合技术评价.......................................................................35 第5章转炉烟气处理项目建设方案.,0.000,.,0,00/.00./00..,0,.37 5.1建设条件...........................................................................................37 5.1.1自然环境条件.......................................................,..................37 5.1.2工艺条件..,...........................................................................,39 5.2三种可选实施方案.....................................................,...................42 5.2.1OG方案......................................................................................,二42 5.2.1.1技术方案..........................................................................42 5.2.1.2建设方案.............................................................................,42 5.2.1.3运营方案...............................................,.........................43 5.2.2RSW方案.......................................................................................44 5.2.2.1技术方案..........................................................................44 5.2.2.2建设方案.............................................................................二44 5.2.2.3运营方案...........................................................................,.45 5.2.3LT方案...........................................................................................45 5.2.3.1技术方案................................................................................45 5.2.3.2建设方案..,.......................................................................,46 5.2.3.3运营方案.........................................................................二,47 5.3工程管理..............................................................,...................47 5.4项目实施进度.........................................................................47 第6章转炉烟气处理项目财务评价.0/0./00./0.000,0.00.0/./0.~.0.0.00.49 6.1项目财务评价基础数据........................................................49 9002了O了04444qfc6.1.1 6.1.2 计算期, 投资估算 6.1.2.1建设投资估算 6.1.2.2运行费用估算 6.1.3收益估算 6.2三种方案的经济性分析................................................................51 6.2.1内部收益率(IRR)....................................................................,二51 6.2.2净现值(NPV)................................................................................52 6.2.3投资回收期(P劝........................................................................,52 6.2.4差额投资内部收益率(vIRR)...,............,.,.....................,53东北大学硕士学位报告目录 6.2.5项目比选结论................................................................................54 6.3项目盈利能力分析...............................................................................54 6.4盈亏平衡分析.......................................................................................55 6.5敏感性分析....................................................................................55 6.6LT方案对社会的贡献分析...,........................................................56 6.6.1减少环境污染..,..........................................................................56 6.6.2节约资源.......................................................................,..........56 6.7风险与对策...............................................................................,.,58 6.8研究结论与建议.................,...........................................................58 6.8.1研究结论....,.............................................................................58 6.8.2项目实施建议.....,..................................................一.....59 第7章结论与展望./...0..,0.,/000.0,0,0..0.0.0/.,/.0二00.,61 7.1本文完成的主要工作及结论...............................................................61 7.2转炉烟气LT工艺在国内的推广前景..........................................61