工程经济分析是研究工程与经济的问题,即以工程项目为主体,以技术经 济系统为核心,研究如何有效利用资源,提高经济效益。工程经济分析研究各种 工程技术方案的经济效益,研究各种技术在使用过程中如何以最小的投入获得预 期产出或者说如何以等量的投入获得最大产出,如何用最低的寿命周期成本实现 产品、作业以及服务的必要功能。历史上,很多重大工程技术的失误不是由于科 学技术上的原因,而是经济分析上的失算。工程经济分析尤其注重设备功能在细 节方面的改进和优化,注重前后流程间相关设备的对接和协同一致,以实现生产 管理的目的:投入少、产出多,取得最佳经济效益。 目前,由于电力发展已经进入市场经济阶段,电厂管理不只是为了稳发满发, 还要求充分利用初级能源,向社会提供高品质的电能,以最经济的成本多发电、 多供电,最终以多结算上网电量,提高经济效益为目的;而热电厂部分机组仍存 在技术粗放、管理不善、能耗偏高等问题。因此,实施在役煤电机组综合升级改 造,对于提高能源资源利用效率,推进电力行业加快转变发展方式,建设资源节 约型、环境友好型社会具有重要意义。 本文以松花江热电厂为例,对给水泵运行方式改造工程进行研究。给水泵 运行方式改造工程不仅是解决松花江热电厂能耗偏高和提高经济效益的一个重 要途径,而且在社会经济发展、社会经济效益等方面都具有十分重要的意义。因 此,本文的研究对其它热电厂的实际工作同样具有指导作用和参考价值。 本文主要以松花江热电厂一期 2×125MW 机组给水泵运行方式改造(4 号电 动给水泵改为汽动给水泵)为实例,以给水泵运行方式的经济性为研究对象,分 析给水泵运行方式在技术经济方面所存在的问题,运用工程经济分析等相关理论 提出改造方案,以求达到节约能源、经济发电、提高经济效益的目的。同时,本 文从节约煤炭和水资源,有利于改善环境等方面阐述了给水泵运行方式改造项目 的必要性和重大意义。本文根据收集的该企业近年来生产运行资料,重点从给水 泵运行方式改造的技术经济方面(设备选型和布置)进行了方案的优化设计,以 使机组在合理的方式下运行。同时,对给水泵运行方式改造方案进行了综合分析 II 评价,对给水泵运行方式的经济性、给水泵改造的投资、风险、影响等方面,特 别是在更好地开发和利用生产资源、新型生产技术,在节能减排、提高经济效益 等方面,取得了显著的效果。 最后,通过对改造前后经济效果分析以及改造后社会影响分析,进一步证明 了本文的意义所在;同时,也给松花江热电厂管理人员对设备经济运行进行优化 改善提供了很好的思路。 关键词: 给水泵运行方式,技术选择,经济运行,经济分析,经济效益 III Study on the Feasibility of Feed Water Pump Reconstruction Project of Songhuajiang Thermal Plant Abstract Engineering economic analysis is the study of engineering and economic problems, the project as the main body, the technical and economic system as the core, to study how the effective use of resources, improve the economic benefit. Research on technical scheme of various engineering economic analysis of engineering economy, various techniques in the use of the process to obtain with the smallest investment expected output or how to amount of investment for maximum output, how to realize the product, operation and services necessary function with the lowest life cycle cost. In history, many important engineering technical mistakes not for the reason of science and technology, but the economic analysis of acalculia. Engineering economic analysis, with particular emphasis on improving and optimizing the equipment function in the detail aspect, focus on docking equipment and processes and consensus, in order to achieve the production management objective: less input, more output, obtain the best economic benefit. At present, the electric power development has entered the stage of market economy, power plant management is not just for stability full hair, also make full use of primary energy, provides the high quality power to the society, in the most economic cost and more power, more power, and ultimately to multi settlement quantity of electricity, improve economic efficiency for the purpose; and some units thermal power plant is still extensive management, technology, high energy consumption and other issues. Therefore, the implementation of transformation in the comprehensive upgrading existing coal-fired electricity generating units, to improve energy efficiency of resource use, promote the electric power industry to accelerate the transformation of the mode of development, has the vital significance to building a resource conserving, environment-friendly society. In this paper, Songhua River power plant as an example, conducts the research to the operation mode of feed water pump project. To the water pump operation mode transformation project is not only an important way to solve the Songhua River power plant high energy consumption and improve economic efficiency, but also plays an important role in the social and economic development, social and economic benefit IV etc.. Therefore, this paper studies the practical work of other thermal power plants also have guidance and reference value. This paper mainly to the Songhua River power plant phase transformation operation mode of feed water pump of 2 * 125MW units (4, Motor-Driven Feedwater Pump into steam feed pump) as an example, to give the operation economy of the pump as the research object, analysis of operation mode of feed water pump in the technical and economic aspects of the problem, by using engineering economic analysis and other related theories put forward the reform plan, in order to achieve energy saving, economic power, and to improve the economic benefits. At the same time, this article from the conservation of coal and water resources, to improve the environment, expounds the necessity and significance of feed water pump operation mode transformation project. In this paper, according to the enterprise production operation data collected in recent years, technical and economic focus from operation of feed water pump reform aspect (selection and layout of equipment) are optimized design, to make the operation of the unit in a reasonable manner. At the same time, the comprehensive analysis and evaluation on the operation mode of feed water pump retrofit scheme of the operation mode, water pump, to pump the economy transformation of investment, risk, and so on, especially in the better development and utilization of production resources, new production technology, in the energy-saving emission reduction, improving economic efficiency, obtained remarkable the effect of. Finally, through the analysis of the transformation and economic effect and after transforming social impact analysis, further proved the significance of this paper; at the same time, but also to the economic operation of the equipment management personnel Songhua River power plant optimization and improvement to provide a good idea. Keywords: Run mode of feed water pump, Technology choice, Economic operation, Economic analysis, Economic benefits I 目 录 第 1 章 绪论............................................................................................1 1.1 项目研究背景 .............................................................................1 1.2 项目研究意义 .............................................................................1 1.3 项目研究内容与研究方法 .........................................................2 1.3.1 主要研究内容 ....................................................................2 1.3.2 研究方法 ............................................................................3 1.4 相关理论概述 .............................................................................4 1.4.1 经济效益分析相关概念和常用的方法 ............................4 1.4.2 工程经济分析使用的各类指标 ......................................10 1.4.3 经济效益评价指标体系 .................................................. 11 1.4.4 工程经济分析的一般程序 .............................................. 11 第 2 章 松花江热电厂给水泵改造项目的必要性分析......................13 2.1 给水泵运行方式 .......................................................................13 2.1.1 给水泵简介 ......................................................................13 2.1.2 给水泵运行方式比较 ......................................................13 2.1.3 给水泵运行方式在实践中的应用 ..................................14 2.2 松花江热电厂及其机组运营情况简介 ...................................15 2.2.1 松花江热电厂机组运营情况简介 ..................................15 2.2.2 松花江热电厂一期机组给水泵运行方式概述..............16 2.2.3 松花江热电厂一期机组主要设备概述 ..........................18 2.3 松花江热电厂总对外供汽能力分析 .......................................23 2.4 松花江热电厂一期机组给水泵运行方式经济性分析...........24 2.5 松花江热电厂给水泵运行方式存在问题及成因 ...................25 2.6 松花江热电厂一期机组给水泵运行方式改造的必要性.......26 II 第 3 章 松花江热电厂给水泵改造项目方案...................................... 28 3.1 给水泵运行方式改造概述....................................................... 28 3.2 汽动给水泵运行方式技术经济分析....................................... 28 3.3 给水泵运行方式改造原则....................................................... 30 3.4 给水泵运行方式改造工程的范围........................................... 30 3.5 给水泵运行方式改造项目的建设原则及要求 ...................... 30 3.6 给水泵运行方式改造工程的资源节约措施 .......................... 31 3.7 给水泵运行方式改造方案的环境保护措施 .......................... 31 3.8 给水泵运行方式改造工程的进度安排 .................................. 32 3.9 给水泵运行方式改造方案的优化设计 .................................. 33 第 4 章 松花江热电厂给水泵改造项目的技术可行性 ..................... 37 4.1 给水泵技术选择原则............................................................... 37 4.2 给水泵各工况参数技术选择................................................... 37 4.3 给水泵的汽轮机选择............................................................... 37 4.4 给水泵相关设备技术选择....................................................... 39 4.5 汽动给水泵相关系统设计分析............................................... 39 4.6 给水泵布置方案分析............................................................... 40 4.7 总平面布置方案....................................................................... 41 4.8 技术可行性分析结论............................................................... 41 第 5 章 松花江热电厂给水泵改造项目的经济可行性分析 ............. 43 5.1 给水泵改造技术方案进行经济效益评价原则 ...................... 43 5.2 给水泵运行方式改造方案的投资估算 .................................. 43 5.3 给水泵运行方式改造方案的经济效益分析 .......................... 46 5.4 经济影响总体分析与评价....................................................... 50 第 6 章 松花江热电厂给水泵改造项目风险及环境影响分析 ......... 52 III 6.1 风险分析概述 ...........................................................................52 6.2 建设和工期风险分析 ...............................................................52 6.3 社会风险分析 ...........................................................................52 6.4 市场和投资风险分析 ...............................................................53 6.5 给水泵运行方式改造方案的社会及环境影响分析...............55 结论 ..........................................................................................................57