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萨中一类油层聚驱后注二元(P_S)可行性研究报告DOC

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目前,我国强化采油主要依靠化学驱,其中聚合物驱所占比例较高,然而聚合物驱 后仍有大量的剩余油存在,约 50%的原油残留在地下。近几年对聚/表二元复合驱的研 究呈上升趋势。 本文综合现场试验和室内实验初步确定了二元复合体系的配方。根据萨中一类油层 聚合物驱和聚合物驱后存在的问题,研究并探索了聚驱后聚合物/表面活性剂二元体系进 一步提高原油采收率技术的可行性。通过对二元复合体系粘度稳定性评价、界面张力测 定等静态实验,初步优选出适合萨中一类油层地质特点的二元复合体系,并且通过室内 实验测定了二元体系的静态吸附量以及动态滞留量;在模拟大庆油田萨中一类油层的油 藏条件下,开展了天然岩心和人造柱状岩心的驱油实验,对比分析了水驱后和聚驱后进 行高浓聚合物驱、无碱二元驱的驱油效果,定量分析了聚驱后高浓聚合物驱、无碱二元 驱提高采收率的可行性。 本文还在以上研究的基础上进行了微观模型驱油实验,研究了水驱后及聚驱后残余 油的分布情况,并分析了聚驱后具有不同界面张力的二元驱、高浓聚合物驱在仿真孔隙 模型中的微观驱油机理,验证了聚驱后高浓聚合物和二元驱提高采收率的可能性。 室内实验结果表明,聚驱后二元复合体系的最佳浓度为 C P =1500mg/L,C S =0.3%, 该二元复合体系的粘度、界面张力稳定性较好;高浓聚合物驱和二元驱均能够进一步提 高聚驱后采收率,但二元驱提高采收率的效果较为明显。 关键词,聚驱后;二元复合驱;粘度稳定性;吸附;驱油机理Feasibility Study on Major Reservoirs at Sazhong Area by Surfactant/Polymer Flooding after Polymer Flooding ABSTRACT At present, enhanced oil recovery mainly depend on chemical flooding in China, one of the higher proportion is polymer flooding. However, there is still a great quantity of crude petroleum exists in the layer after polymer flooding, about 50% of the crude oil is remained underground. In recent years, the tendency to study of surfactant/polymer flooding is going up. In this paper, the initial formula of binary composite system is identified at the base of laboratory and field tests. According to the problems of main layer at Sazhong area during and after polymer flooding, researching and exploring the feasibility of P/S flooding (surfactant/polymer) after polymer flooding to further enhance oil recovery. By static experiments such as viscosity stability evaluation, and interfacial tension measurement, surfactant/polyment flooding system which suits to geological characteristics of main layer at Sazhong area have been optimised. Static and dynamic adsorption capacities of polymer-surfactant system are measured in laboratory. In the conditions of simulating reservoir conditions of main layer at Sazhong area of Daqing Oilfield, the displacement oil experiments were finished in natural and artificial core, oil-displacement effect of high-concentration polymer flooding and P/S flooding after water flooding and polymer flooding are comparative analyzed, quantitative analysis of the possibility to enhancing oil recovery of high-concentration polymer flooding and P/S flooding after polymer flooding. On the basis of the above researchment, displacement oil experiments of microscopic model were carried out to study features of residual oil distribution after water flooding and polymer flooding, the microscopic displacement mechanismes of different interfacial tension SP flooding and high-concentration polymer flooding after polymer flooding is acquired in the artificial homogeneous model, the probability of high-concentration polymer flooding and P/S flooding after polymer flooding to enhance oil recovery is further verified. At last, distribute regulation of remaining oil and porous characteristics of core before and after polymer flooding were researched by the technologies of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and rate-controlled mercury penetration. Laboratory experimental results showed that the optimal concentration of the system is C P =1500mg/L, C S =0.3%. The results also indicated that stability of viscosity and interfacial tension of surfactant/polyment flooding system is better. High-concentration polymer flooding and SP flooding can further enhanced oil recovery after polymer flooding, but theeffect of enhancing oil recovery is more obviously by P/S flooding after polymer flooding. Keyords: post polymer flooding; surfactant-polymer flooding; viscosity stability; absorpation; displacement mechanism创新点摘要 本文主要研究的是萨中一类油层聚驱后注二元可行性,其创新点如下, 1.通过室内静态评价,测定了二元复合体系的粘度、界面张力,筛选出适合于一类 油层聚驱后的二元复合体系。该二元复合驱油体系适应性强,体系与萨中不同地区油水 条件可形成 10 -3 mN/m 的超低界面张力,且驱油效率接近三元复合驱。 2.本文利用室内物理模拟驱油实验的方法开展了一类油层聚驱后提高采收率幅度 研究。在天然和人造岩心中,聚驱后无碱二元驱均能够进一步提高采收率。 3. 通过微观驱油实验,认识了聚驱前后剩余油类型,剖析了二元复合驱驱油机理, 同时描述了乳状液微观驱油机理。目 录 摘要 Abstract 创新点摘要 前 言........................................................................................................................................1 第一章 聚驱后进一步提高采收率技术发展现状..................................................................3 1.1 聚合物驱后高浓聚合物驱技术.................................................................................. 3 1.2 聚合物驱后表面活性剂驱技术.................................................................................. 3 1.3 聚合物驱后泡沫驱油技术.......................................................................................... 4 1.4 聚合物驱后微生物驱油技术...................................................................................... 4 1.5 聚合物驱后热力驱油技术.......................................................................................... 5 1.6 聚合物驱后二元驱油技术.......................................................................................... 5 第二章 聚/表二元体系静态性能评价.....................................................................................6 2.1 聚合物的选取.............................................................................................................. 6 2.2 表面活性剂的选择...................................................................................................... 6 2.3 实验条件...................................................................................................................... 7 2.3.1 实验药品............................................................................................................ 7 2.3.2 实验仪器及材料................................................................................................ 7 2.4 二元复合体系的初步筛选.......................................................................................... 7 2.4.1 聚合物浓度的确定............................................................................................ 7 2.4.2 二元复合体系与萨中不同油水条件界面张力实验........................................ 8 2.4.3 表面活性剂浓度的确定.................................................................................... 9 2.5 二元复合体系稳定性评价........................................................................................ 10 2.5.1 实验原理.......................................................................................................... 11 2.5.2 实验方案.......................................................................................................... 11 2.5.3 实验结果及分析.............................................................................................. 11 2.6 小结............................................................................................................................ 14 第三章 聚/表二元体系的吸附滞留特性研究.......................................................................15 3.1 实验条件.................................................................................................................... 15 3.1.1 化学试剂及仪器.............................................................................................. 15 3.1.2 天然岩心砂的准备.......................................................................................... 15 3.2 二元复合体系的静态吸附规律研究........................................................................ 16 3.2.1 实验步骤.......................................................................................................... 163.2.2 静态吸附量的计算.......................................................................................... 16 3.2.3 实验结果及分析.............................................................................................. 17 3.3 二元复合体系的动态滞留规律................................................................................ 18 3.3.1 实验方案.......................................................................................................... 18 3.3.2 实验步骤.......................................................................................................... 18 3.3.3 动态滞留量的计算.......................................................................................... 19 3.3.4 实验结果及分析.............................................................................................. 19 3.3.5 二元体系注入段塞不同情况下的动态滞留.................................................. 21 3.4 小结............................................................................................................................ 22 第四章 聚驱后注二元室内驱油效果研究............................................................................24 4.1 实验设备、材料、方案及基本步骤........................................................................ 24 4.1.1 实验设备.......................................................................................................... 24 4.1.2 实验材料.......................................................................................................... 24 4.1.3 实验方案.......................................................................................................... 25 4.1.4 实验步骤.......................................................................................................... 26 4.2 实验结果与分析........................................................................................................ 26 4.2.1 单一柱状天然岩心的驱油结果...................................................................... 26 4.2.2 接长柱状天然岩心的驱油结果...................................................................... 31 4.2.3 三层非均质人造岩心的驱油结果.................................................................. 32 4.3 小结............................................................................................................................ 34 第五章 聚驱后二元微观驱油机理研究................................................................................36 5.1 二元复合体系微观驱油机理研究现状.................................................................... 36 5.2 实验条件及实验过程................................................................................................ 37 5.2.1 实验条件.......................................................................................................... 37 5.2.2 实验过程.......................................................................................................... 38 5.3 水驱后及聚驱后残余油分布情况............................................................................ 39 5.3.1 水驱后残余油分布情况.................................................................................. 39 5.3.2 与水驱相比聚合物驱剩余油的微观分布...................................................... 39 5.4 超低界面张力微观驱油作用机理研究.................................................................... 40 5.4.1 实验方案.......................................................................................................... 40 5.4.2 实验结果.......................................................................................................... 40 5.5 乳状液微观驱油机理研究........................................................................................ 44 5.5.1 实验方案.......................................................................................................... 44 5.5.2 实验结果.......................................................................................................... 44 5.6 一元、二元复合体系驱油效果及机理研究............................................................ 46 5.6.1 实验方案.......................................................................................................... 465.6.2 实验结果.......................................................................................................... 46 5.7 小结............................................................................................................................ 49 结 论......................................................................................................................................50