报告在研究过程中对东胜堡潜山地质构造及开发特征进行了较详细地调研。总体上 看，东胜堡潜山油藏类型为高凝油类型的具有层状特点的裂缝型块状底水油藏。自 1982 年进入开发准备以来，共经历了试油试采阶段、产能建设阶段、注水稳产阶段、产量递 减阶段等四个开发阶段。目前由于注水效果不是很好，从 1994 年开始，油藏开始停止 注水，为了提高东胜堡潜山油藏中后期的开发效果，根据目前注水开发效果不理想的情 况，注天然气开采方式作为保持油层压力的措施和改善开发效果、提高采收率的方法被 提出。 本文基于注气提高采收率理论，通过一系列室内实验研究和应用油气藏数值模拟技 术，对东胜堡潜山油藏注天然气可行性进行研究论证。完成研究工作及取得的成果如下， 对目前国内外油田注天然气技术取得的成果和经验进行了总结；对混相驱和非混相驱机 理进行了深入的分析；对注气效果影响因素从静态参数和动态参数的两个方面的影响进 行了归纳；应用经验公式和通过细管实验确定了东胜堡潜山油层气驱最小混相压力为 31.6MPa；开展了长岩心注天然气驱替实验，研究了渗透率、注入压力、注气速度、注 入时机等参数对天然气驱油效果的影响；应用数值模拟技术，建立了东胜堡潜山油藏双 孔双渗地质模型和数值模型，完成了前期注水生产历史拟合，掌握了研究区目前的剩余 油分布规律，通过筛选出的井组进行天然气驱方案预测，计算结果表明，注天然气的预 测效果明显优于水驱预测效果，注天然气的采出程度比注水的采出程度高 4.3%；在相 同条件下，注气速度 0.15PV/a 时开发效果最好；通过优化气水交替段塞方案得到，气 水交替注入最优方案是气水比 2:1，交替周期越短开发效果越好。 关键字，低渗透，变质岩，注天然气驱，细管实验，数值模拟东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 III The feasibility study of natural gas drive enhanced oil recovery of Dongshengbu Buried Hill Reservoir ABSTRACT In the entire research process of the thesis, we survey the tectonic and the development features of Dongshengbu Buried Hill in detail. Overall, Dongshengbu Buried Hill Reservoir which is a fractured massive reservoir with bottom water has the characters of layer structure and high pour-point crude. Entering the preparation stage since 1982, it experiences the stage of testing and producing test、productivity construction、water injection and stable yields、 production decline. As the flood effectiveness unsatisfied, from 1994, the Reservoir stop injecting water, for improving the development effect of middle and final stages of Dongshengbu Buried Hill Reservoir, According to the current situation of water flooding development effect is unsatisfied, Gas injection as a methods of keep reservoir pressure and improve the development effect and oil recovery is proposed. The thesis is based on the theory of EOR by gas injection, through a series of laboratory experiment and application of reservoir numerical simulation technology, demonstrating the feasibility study of gas injection of dongshengbu buried hill reservoir. The completed research work and achievements are as follows: Summarizing the results and experiences of the hydrocarbon gas injection technology at home and abroad. Making an in-depth analysis of the miscible and immiscible displacement mechanism; Summarizing the effect factors of gas injection from both static and dynamic parameters. Through empirical formula and a fine tube experiments to determine the minimum miscible pressure of gas drive of dongsheng buried hill reservoir is 31.6MPa; Carrying out long core gas injection displacement experiment, Studied the impact of permeability、injection pressure、gas injection rate, injection timing and other parameters on the effect of displacing oil by gas. Establishing dual-permeability geologic model and production performance model of dongsheng buried hill reservoir, completed production history matching of the early gas injection, mastering the distributing law of the current remaining oil, through the filtered well group to forecast the natural gas drive, The results indicated that the prediction effect of gas injection is better than water flooding, the recovery degree after gas injection is 4.3% higher than water flooding; In the same condition, the best effect of gas injection rate is 0.15 PV/a; Through optimized gas water alternating injection plan, which solution is gas water ratio 2:1, the shorter the alternate cycle, the development effect is better. Keywords ， Low permeability, metamorphic, Slim tube experiment, Numerical simulation, Enhanced oil recovery东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 IV 创新点摘要 本文主要研究的是东胜堡潜山油藏天然气驱提高采收率可行性，其创新点如下， 1、针对东胜堡潜山变质岩油藏特性，应用变差函数并结合现代地震、测井和油藏 综合分析技术相关数据，建立了潜山裂缝和潜山变质岩基质孔隙的双孔双渗精细地质模 型。 2、应用油藏数值模拟技术，对东胜堡潜山剩余油分布规律和水淹状况进行了研究， 根据研究区的井网及注采关系，筛选出了注气井组，优化了天然气驱注入方式与注气参 数。东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 目 录 学位报告独创性声明.................................................................................................................I 学位报告使用授权声明.............................................................................................................I 摘要..................................................................................................................................... II ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................ III 创新点摘要..............................................................................................................................IV 第一章 绪 论..........................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究的目的和意义....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外烃气驱技术研究现状....................................................................................... 1 1.3 研究内容与技术路线................................................................................................... 3 第二章 注气提高采收率机理..................................................................................................5 2.1 注气过程油气体系相平衡计算原理........................................................................... 5 2.1.1 油气体系相平衡计算物料平衡方程组............................................................. 5 2.1.2 油气体系相态计算热力学平衡方程组............................................................. 7 2.1.3 常用的两类相平衡计算数学模型..................................................................... 7 2.2 注气混相驱机理概述................................................................................................. 10 2.2.1 一次接触混相驱替........................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 多次接触混相驱替........................................................................................... 10 2.2.3 非混相驱替....................................................................................................... 11 2.3 注气效果影响因素..................................................................................................... 11 2.3.1 静态参数对注气效果的影响........................................................................... 11 2.3.2 动态参数对注气效果的影响........................................................................... 12 2.4 天然气驱适用油藏筛选............................................................................................. 13 第三章 注天然气驱油室内实验研究....................................................................................14 3.1 基础物性参数及注入天然气的组分......................................................................... 14 3.1.1 油藏流体基础物性参数................................................................................... 14 3.1.2 注入天然气的组分........................................................................................... 15 3.2 天然气细管驱替实验研究......................................................................................... 15 3.2.1 细管实验的设计原则....................................................................................... 15 3.2.2 细管实验装置和实验步骤............................................................................... 16 3.2.3 经验公式法确定 MMP..................................................................................... 18 3.2.4 实验结果及分析............................................................................................... 19 3.3 天然气长岩心驱替实验研究..................................................................................... 22 3.3.1 实验条件及装置............................................................................................... 22 3.3.2 天然气驱采收率影响因素实验设计及结果分析........................................... 23 第四章 东胜堡潜山地质建模及历史拟合............................................................................31 4.1 工区概况..................................................................................................................... 31 4.2 地质建模..................................................................................................................... 32东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 4.2.1 建立流程........................................................................................................... 32 4.2.2 东胜堡潜山三维双孔双渗模型....................................................................... 33 4.3 油藏数值模拟............................................................................................................. 39 4.3.1 模型建立........................................................................................................... 39 4.3.2 数据输入........................................................................................................... 39 4.3.3 历史拟合........................................................................................................... 40 4.3.4 剩余油分布....................................................................................................... 44 第五章 东胜堡潜山天然气驱方案及开发效果预测............................................................49 5.1 注气井组数值模拟模型的建立................................................................................. 49 5.2 井组注气合理开发技术指标论证............................................................................. 50 5.2.1 不同注入方式开发效果对比........................................................................... 50 5.2.2 注气速度方案优化........................................................................................... 52 5.2.3 注气总量优化研究........................................................................................... 53 5.2.4 合理转注气时机研究....................................................................................... 55 5.2.5 气水交替注入方案优化................................................................................... 56 结 论....................................................................................................................................60