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沈150块低渗透油藏水驱后注空气可行性研究报告DOC

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沈 150 区块为典型的低渗透轻质油藏,储层物性差,生产井段长,储层非均质性严 重。在长期高压下注水条件下,油井要么不见效,要么见效后迅速水淹,纵向及平面上 储量动用严重不均衡,剩余油分布复杂、挖掘难度大。注水开发 20 年,目前该区块综 合含水 69.2%,采出程度只有 3.33%,开发矛盾突出。在该区块实施压裂、堵水等工艺 措施均未取得明显效果,注水依旧非常困难,因此对该区块进行水驱后高压注空气开采 可行性研究。 根据该区块的地质特征以及测井参数解释结果,建立三维精细地质模型;在完善地 质模型的基础上,建立相应的数值模型,对油水井生产历史数据进行拟合,研究剩余油 分布规律、剩余油成因类型及影响因素,量化剩余油潜力;进行细长管注空气低温氧化 实验与燃烧管注空气高温氧化实验研究,确定原油经过空气驱低温氧化后所产出气体的 组分与含量、氧气的消耗量以及过程的安全性,确定试验区原油的高温氧化特性以及空 气的消耗量;然后对沈 150 块注空气开发进行适应性评价。 建立该区块空气驱数值模型,筛选出合理注气井组并对其进行注气量、水气交替周 期以及水气交替气液比的优化,在井组参数优化的基础上,对区块进行整体空气驱方案 预测,生产指标和经济评价结果表明,该区块进行空气驱开发潜力巨大。 研究结果表明,沈 150 区块注空气开发效果明显好于水驱,并且可以为其它低渗透 轻质油藏的开发提供借鉴。 关键词,沈 150 块,低温氧化,注空气,数值模拟东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 III The feasibility study on air injection after water flooding in low permeability oil reservoirs of Shen-150 block ABSTRACT Shen-150 block is a typical low permeability light oil reservoir with long production interval of well, the reservoir permeability is low and its physical properties are poor. Oil well water flooded phenomenon is serious under the condition of long-term water injection with high pressure, reserve utilization imbalance on vertical and plane of reservoir, remaining oil distribution is complex and difficult to dig. At present the block comprehensive water cut reach to 69.2%, recovery degree is only 3.33%, the contradiction in development is protruding. Craft measures implemented in the block such as fracturing, water plugging and so on were not achieved significant effect, and water injection is still very difficult. Therefore, high pressure air injection feasibility study after water flooding exploitation has been done in this block. According to the geologic features of the blocks and the logging parameters interpretation result, we build up the 3d geological model. On the basis of geological model, the numerical mode which can fit the data of oil well production history has been set up. It can study the distribution and genetic types of residual oil, and influencing factors. By using thin pipe air injection low-temperature oxidation experiment and combustion air injection of high temperature oxidation experimental research, we make sure the component and content of the gas, oxygen consumption and the safety of the process when the crude oil through the low temperature oxidation air flooding. The high temperature oxidation properties of crude oil and the consumption of the air in the experimental zone have also been determined. Finally, make adaptability evaluation of air injection development of Shen-150 block. Set up the air displacement numerical model. Then select reasonable gas injector group and optimizes the injection volume, gas-water injection alternating cycle and water-gas ratio. Based on the optimization results, predict the gas driving production index of the whole block. Both the production index and economic evaluation results show that the block is fit for air driving. The research results show that air injection in Shen-150 block is much better than that of water flooding development, and it can provide reference for other low permeability light oil reservoir development. Keywords: Shen-150 block, low-temperature oxidation, air injection, numerical simulation东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 IV 创新点摘要 本文主要研究的是沈 150 块低渗透轻质油藏高压注空气技术,其创新点如下, 1.进行了细长管注空气低温氧化实验与燃烧管注空气高温氧化实验研究,确定原 油经过空气驱低温氧化后所产出气体的组分与含量、氧气的消耗量以及过程的安全性, 确定了试验区原油的高温氧化特性以及空气的消耗量。 2.建立该区块空气驱数值模型,筛选出合理注气井组并对其进行注气量、水气交 替周期以及水气交替气液比的优化,在井组参数优化的基础上,对区块进行整体空气驱 方案预测。东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 目 录 学位报告独创性声明............................................................................................................I 学位报告使用授权声明 ........................................................................................................I 摘要 ..................................................................................................................................II ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................III 创新点摘要......................................................................................................................... IV 前 言 ...................................................................................................................................1 第一章 油藏地质特征及开发现状.......................................................................................5 1.1 地质概况..................................................................................................................5 1.2 开发历程及现状 ......................................................................................................6 1.2.1 开发历程 ........................................................................................................6 1.2.2 开发现状 ........................................................................................................7 1.3 开发中存在的问题...................................................................................................8 第二章 水驱数值模拟及剩余油分布研究..........................................................................11 2.1 水驱精细地质建模.................................................................................................11 2.1.1 构造模型 ......................................................................................................11 2.1.2 相模型..........................................................................................................12 2.1.3 属性模型 ......................................................................................................13 2.2 水驱油藏数值模拟.................................................................................................13 2.2.1 模拟模型的选择...........................................................................................13 2.2.2 试验区网格划分...........................................................................................14 2.2.3 地层流体高压物性.......................................................................................14 2.2.4 流体渗流特性参数.......................................................................................15 2.2.5 历史拟合 ......................................................................................................15 2.3 水淹特征及剩余油分布研究.................................................................................19 2.3.1 平面剩余油分布规律...................................................................................19 2.3.2 纵向剩余油分布规律...................................................................................21 2.3.3 剩余油成因类型及影响因素........................................................................22 第三章 注空气开发实验研究.............................................................................................24 3.1 空气驱室内岩心驱油效率实验研究......................................................................24 3.2 细长管低温氧化实验研究.....................................................................................25 3.2.1 实验设备 ......................................................................................................25 3.2.2 实验流程 ......................................................................................................26 3.2.3 实验结果 ......................................................................................................28 3.3 燃烧管高温氧化实验研究.....................................................................................30 3.3.1 实验装置及流程...........................................................................................30 3.3.2 实验步骤 ......................................................................................................32 3.3.3 实验结果 ......................................................................................................32 3.4 注空气开发油藏适应性研究..................................................................................36东北石油大学硕士研究生学位报告 3.4.1 油藏构造适应性分析...................................................................................37 3.4.2 油藏层位与隔层适应性分析........................................................................37 3.4.3 油藏适用条件综合分析...............................................................................37 第四章 注空气开发技术方案研究.....................................................................................39 4.1 空气驱模型的建立..................................................................................................39 4.1.1 模拟器的选择................................................................................................39 4.1.2 空气驱模型的建立及初始化.........................................................................39 4.1.3 井组选择 .......................................................................................................40 4.2 开发方式对比.........................................................................................................41 4.3 注空气参数优化 .....................................................................................................42 4.3.1 注气量优化....................................................................................................42 4.3.2 水气交替周期优化........................................................................................44 4.3.3 水气交替气液比优化....................................................................................46 4.4 沈 150 块注空气方案预测及经济评价..................................................................48 4.4.1 区块整体注空气开发指标预测....................................................................48 4.4.2 经济评价 ......................................................................................................50 第五章 注空气开发安全保障措施.....................................................................................52 5.1 安全工程要求........................................................................................................52 5.2 安全氧含量检测标准研究.....................................................................................52 5.3 采取的主要安全措施.............................................................................................53 结 论 .................................................................................................................................54