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民族健身操引入新疆高校体育教育专业校本课程的可行性研究

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2002 年 8 月国家教委颁布的《全国普通高等学校体育课程教学指导纲要》 中明确指出,“汲取世界优秀体育成果与继承弘扬我国民族传统体育项目相结 合,要注意体现教材的时代性、多样性,并要充分体现教材的民族性和中国特 色。”《中国体育改革与发展纲要》也提出,“进一步发挥少数民族地区的优势, 开发民族体育资源,做好民族传统项目的挖掘、整理和推广工作。”而民族健身 操课程的开发及推广无疑是应对时代发展,挖掘和弘扬我国民族传统体育项目 及传统文化的特殊需要,这也正是本研究聚焦此问题的初衷。 新疆民族传统体育内容丰富,形式新颖,独具地方特色,新疆高校应充分 挖掘、合理利用,各高校根据体育教师的特点和学生的需求、体育教育的资源、 学校环境等确立自己体育的发展方向,形成体育教育专业教学的独特风格,体 现出自己独到的办学特色,继而呈现少数民族传统体育文化独特的魅力和无穷 的活力。 本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、逻辑归纳法、数理统计法等研究方法, 就民族健身操引入新疆高校体育教育专业校本课程的可行性进行了论证,并以 新疆师范大学成功开设民族健身操课为研究个案,在此基础上提出相应的对策。 研究结论如下: 1. 新疆丰富的民族体育文化,刀郎舞、十二木卡姆等为挖掘和开发民族健 身操校本课程提供了素材,为民族健身操引入新疆高校校本课程提供了优越的 客观环境。 2.新疆高校体育教育专业师生对民族健身操引入高校的认同度及期待值较 高,其鲜明的艺术性和强烈的节奏感深受师生喜爱,易于普及和推广。 3. 政策优势:国家通过不断改革教育体制,放手让各高校形成自己的特色 和培养人才的个性体系,为民族健身操引入新疆高校体育教育专业校本课程提 供了广阔的平台。 4. 民族健身操既囊括了区域文化特征,又渗入了学校文化底蕴,将其引入 新疆高校体育教育专业校本课程,实现“人无我有”,易于形成新疆高校体育教 育专业体育教学的文化特色。 5. 新疆师范大学开设民族健身操课程的成功个案,为新疆高校的校本课程 开发探索了路径,锤炼了师资队伍,民族健身操成为该校首批精品课程,个案 的成功开设进一步证明了民族健身操引入新疆高校体育教育专业校本课程中是 可行的,其开发的策略以及开发过程中的经验,对其它高校体育校本课程的开 发提供了参考价值。 关键词:民族健身操;校本课程;可行性分析II Abstract The Instruction Summary of P.E. Curriculum Teaching in all Ordinary university issued by State Educational Committee in 2002 August pointed out explicitly that “United the outstanding sports achievement of the world with the traditional ethnic sports items, manifested the trend and the multiplicity of the text book, and in the same time emphasized the ethnicity and the Chinese characteristic completely”. " The Summary of reform and development of Chinese Sports " also proposed that “ Made use of the strength of the minority area, developed the ethnic sports resources, and completed the traditional ethnic project of excavation, sort out and promotion” The development and promotion of the curriculum of ethnic aerobics is undoubtedly the trend of the current times, and dug up and brought honor to our traditional ethnic sports project and the traditional culture are the original intention of this research. The content of the Xinjiang’s traditional ethnic sports is wonderful, and the form is novel. It has its own local characteristics. The Xinjiang’s university should develop subjectively and use scientifically. All universities should establish the direction of development of P.E. and form the unique style of the teaching of P.E. majors according to the characteristic of P.E. teachers and the demand of students. And in the end presents the unique charming and the infinite vigor of the culture of traditional ethnic sports. This article proves the feasibility on the introduction of ethnic aerobics into school curriculum of P.E. majors among the XinJiang’s universities by using the researching method such as the literature material method、questionnaire survey procedure、case analytic method and mathematical statistic method and take Xinjiang Normal university as an example to prove how to set up successfully the ethnic aerobics, on the basics of which make up with the corresponding propose. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The culture of ethnic P.E. covering the “DaoLang” dance, 12 Mukamu and so on provide a useful resource for developing the ethnic aerobics and an objective environment for the introduction of ethnic aerobics into school curriculum of P.E. majors among the XinJiang’s universities. 2. The degree of acceptance and the anticipation value from the teachers and students of P.E. majors of Xinjiang’s universities are high; its apparent artistry and the intense rhythm are absorbed by the teachers and students, and it is very easy to popularize and promote.III 3. Policy supporting: The government provided a broad platform that helped the introduction of ethnic aerobics into school curriculum of P.E. majors among the XinJiang’s universities by the on-going reforms of the education system and form its own characteristic and the system of fostering the unique talent. 4. The ethnic aerobics has the regional culture traits and school culture content. It is highly inclined to form its own culture nature if we introduce ethnic aerobics into school curriculum of P.E. majors among the XinJiang’s universities. 5. The successful case of Xinjiang Normal University established the curriculum of the ethnic aerobics has explored a new way for other universities and trained the teachers. The ethnic aerobics has become its first great curriculum. The success has proved that the introduction of ethnic aerobics into school curriculum of P.E. majors among the XinJiang’s universities is possible. The strategy and experience in the process of developing provided in the same time a reference value for other universities. Key words: ethnic aerobics, school curriculum, Feasibility study, P.E. majors;IV 目 录 1 引言 ...1 1.1 选题依据.1 1.2 研究目的和意义 ......2 1.3 文献综述.3 1.4 研究对象与研究方法 .......9 2 教师对民族健身操的认知及影响因素的调查与分析.......12 2.1 教师对新疆民族健身操的了解程度调查与分析 ....12 2.2 教师对民族健身操的态度调查与分析 ....13 2.3 教师参加民族健身操培训情况调查与分析 .....13 2.4 教师专业技能的调查与分析 ..14 2.5 教师对民族健身操引入高校教学的必要性调查与分析 ...15 2.6 教师对民族健身操在新疆高校开展的难易程度调查与分析 ....15 2.7 影响民族健身操课程开发的因素调查与分析 .16 3 教师对民族健身操课程设置的建议....18 3.1 教师对民族健身操课程内容的安排建议 18 3.2 教师对民族健身操课程的时间安排建议 18 3.3 教师对民族健身操课程的教学时数安排建议 .19 3.4 教师对民族健身操考核形式的建议 ........20 4 新疆高校体育教育专业学生对开设民族健身操课程认可接纳情况 的调查与分析.....21 4.1 学生对民族健身操了解情况的调查与分析 .....21 4.2 学生对民族健身操喜爱程度的调查与分析 .....22 4.3 学生有无民族健身操基础的调查与分析 22 4.4 学生对选修民族健身操课意愿情况的调查与分析 ..23 4.5 学生对民族健身操与其他体育课程比较结果的调查与分析 ....24 4.6 学生对民族健身操特点的认知情况的调查与分析 ..25 4.7 学生对民族健身操应用价值的调查与分析 .....26 4.8 学生对民族健身操引入体育教育专业校本课程的可行性调查与分析 ......27 4.9 学生对民族健身操课程支持情况的调查与分析 ......28 4.10 学生对民族健身操课程需求情况的调查与分析 ....28 5 校方管理层对开设民族健身操课程的态度........30 6 软硬件设施(师资力量、场地器材等相关配套设施)的调查情况V 分析.....31 6.1 新疆高校体育教育教师师资结构调查与分析. 31 6.2 场地、器材及运用现代化教学手段的调查与分析.. 34 7 民族健身操引入新疆高校体育教育专业校本课程的可行性分析 . 36 7.1 国家对高校体育的教育方针政策及要求 36 7.2 民族健身操课程开设取得的成效——以新疆师范大学为例.... 38 7.3 民族健身操在新疆高校体育教育专业存在的优势分析... 43 7.4 民族健身操在新疆高校体育教育专业存在的劣势分析... 44 结论.....45 建议.....46 附录.....47 附录 147 附录 249