文本描述
I
摘要
近年来,随着我国金融市场的快速发展,农村商业银行也在不断地壮大自身实力。农
村商业银行是我国农村金融市场的主力军,它服务于
“三农”,服
务于地方经济的发展,
担负着扶持地方小微企业的重任,对促进我国农村经济的健康可持续发展有着重要的作
用。但是由于我国农村金融市场的不发达,造成农村商业银行资产业务种类单一,金融工
具创新不足,农村商业银行的主要资产业务依然是信贷业务。随着银行业市场的逐步开放,
许多海外资金雄厚的商业银行也将目光瞄准我国农村金融市场,农村商业银行所面临的信
贷风险日渐显现,引起了农村商业银行管理者的高度重视。不良贷款的不断积累是我国农
村商业银行面临的主要风险之一,由于农村商业银行在改革过程中部分问题没有彻底得到
解决,遗留下了大量的不良贷款,造成农村商业银行面临的信贷风险要高于其他商业银行。
加强不良贷款管理,构建科学、系统的防范体系,是农村商业银行的当务之急。
本文在分析我国商业银行不良贷款的大背景下,首先介绍了农村商业银行不良贷款研
究的目的和意义、研究的思路及方法,并对国内外不良贷款研宄现状进行了综述,接着对
不良贷款相关概念、不良贷款的分类进行简述。在此基础上,本文以Y农村商业银行为研
宄对象,从商业银行内在脆弱性理论、银行行为理论、贷款风险管理理论等研究的理论基
础出发,通过实地调查的方式,得出了Y农村商业银行不良贷款基本情况及特征、现行的
处置模式和造成的不利影响,通过案例分析与数据分析相结合的方法,从政策管理体制不
规范、社会信用体系建设不完善、借款对象潜在风险较大等外部环境和信贷资产结构不合
理、信贷管理机制不健全、不良贷款管理方式落后、信贷员综合素质不高等内部原因,对
Y农村商业银行不良贷款产生的原因进行深入剖析,并据此提出完善不良贷款管理体系的
对策建议,希望能够加强信用体系建设,争取地方政府支持,优化信贷资产结构,降低成
本、分散风险,健全信贷管理机制,严格规范地发放每笔贷款,完善不良贷款管理机制,
降低Y农村商业银行的资产损失,提高信贷人员综合素质培养。
通过对Y农村商业银行不良贷款问题的研宄,找出制约农村商业银行信贷业务发展的
因素,在当前农村经济结构不断调整、金融体制改革深化的形势下,能为农村商业银行不
良贷款风险管理增加一定理论和实践经验,提高信贷管理水平和经营管理能力,促进信贷
资金健康运作,提升竞争力和盈利水平,从而能够更好地立足农村、服务“三农”和小
微企业。
关键词:农村商业银行;不良贷款;信贷风险;风险管理
[I
ABSTRACT
Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofChina'sfinancialmarket,rural
commercialbankareconstantlyexpandingtheirownstrength.Ruralcommercialbankarethe
mainforceofChina'sruralfinancialmarket,whichservethe“threerural”,servethe
developmentoflocaleconomyandsupportthelocalsmallandmicroenterprises,playingan
importantroleinpromotingChina'sruraleconomicsustainabledevelopment.However,because
oftheunderdevelopmentofChina'sruralfinancialmarketandthelackofinnovationinfinancial
instruments,ruralcommercialbankhaveasingletypeofassetbusinessandthemainasset
businessofruralcommercialbankiscreditbusiness.Withthegradualopeningofthebanking
market,manyoverseasfundedcommercialbankswillalsoaimatChina'sruralfinancialmarket,
sothecreditriskruralcreditcooperativesfacinghasbecomeincreasinglyappearing.This
attractedtheattentionofthemanagementofruralcommercialbank.Theaccumulationof
non-performingloansisoneofthemainrisksofChina'sruralcommercialbank.Someproblem
ofruralcommercialbankisnotcompletelyresolvedintheprocessofreform,leavingalarge
numberofnon-performingloans,whichcausethecreditriskofruralcommercialbankhigher
thanthatofothercommercialbanks.Itisurgenttostrengthenthemanagementof
non-performingloansandestablishascientificandsystematicpreventionsystem.
Basedontheanalysisofthebackdropofthenon-performingloansofChinese
commercialBanks,thearticleintroducethepurposeandsignificanceandresearchideasand
methodsofruralcommercialbanknon-performingloansresearchatfirst,andthensummarize
thenon-performingloansresearchstatusathomeandabroad.Thendescribetheconceptandthe
classificationofnon-performingloansinbrief.Onthisbasis,inthisarticle,takeYrural
commercialbankastheresearchobject.Onthebasisoftheinherentfragilitytheory,the
commercialbankbehaviortheory,loanriskmanagementtheory,throughthewayoffield
investigation,itisconcludedthattheYruralcommercialbanknon-performingloansbasic
situationandcharacteristics,thecurrentdisposalmodeandthenegativeimpact.Bycaseanalysis
anddataanalysismethod,thisarticledeeplyanalyzethecausesofnon-performingloanofY
ruralcommercialbankfromexternalenvironmentandinternalreasons.Externalenvironment
includesthenonstandardpolicymanagementsystem,imperfectsocialcreditsystem,greater
potentialriskofborrowerandinternalreasonscoverstheunreasonablecreditassetsstructure,
unsoundcreditmanagementmechanism,behindhandmanagementofnon-performingloans,low
comprehensivequalityofloanofficers.Therefore,thisarticleputsforwardsome
countermeasuresandsuggestionstoimprovethenon-performingloanmanagementsystem.
Ill
Hopetostrengthentheconstructionofcreditsystem,striveforthesupportoflocalgovernment,
optimizethestructureofcreditassetstoreducecostsandrisks,improvecreditmanagement
mechanism,strictlyregulateeachloan,improvethenon-performingloanmanagement
mechanismtoreducethelossofassetsofYruralcommercialbank,improvecreditpersonnel
comprehensivequality.
ThroughthestudyofYruralcommercialbanknon-performingloansproblem,findout
thefactorswhichrestrictthedevelopmentoftheruralcommercialbankcreditbusiness.Inthe
current,underthesituationoftheadjustmentofruraleconomicstructure,financialsystem
reformdeepening,thispapercanincreaseacertaintheoryandpracticalexperiencefor
non-performingloansriskmanagementofruralcommercialbank,improvethecredit
managementlevelandmanagementability,promotethehealthyoperationofcreditfundsand
improvecompetitivenessandprofitability,consequently,ruralcommercialbankcanbetterkeepa
footholdontherural,andservethe“threerural”andthesmallandmicroenterprises.
Keywords:ruralcommercialbank;non-performingloan;creditrisk;riskmanagement
目录
mmi
AbstractII
1親1
1.1研究背景i
1.2研宄的目的及意义2
1.3文献综述2
1.4主要创新及不足之处5
1.4.1主要创新5
1.4.2不足之处5
1.5研宂内容、方法、思路及技术路线5
1.5.1研宂内容5
1.5.2研宄方法6
1.5.3研究思路及技术路线6
2不良贷款的概念界定和研究理论基础8
2.1齡8
2.2不良贷款的分类8
2.3相关理论基础9
2.3.1商业银行内在脆弱性理论9
2.3.2银行行为理论10
2.3.3贷款风险管理理论11
3Y农村商业银行不良贷款现状12
3.1Y农村商业银行概况12
3.3.1Y农村商业银行基本情况12
3.1.2Y农村商业银行存款情况12
3.1.3Y农村商业银行贷款情况13
3.2Y农村商业银行不良贷款现状14
3.2.1不良贷款的基本情况14
3.2.2不良贷款的特征15
3.2.3Y农村商业银行不良贷款的处置16
3.2.4Y农村商业银行不良贷款的影响17
4Y农村商业银行不良贷款成因分析20
4.1外部环境20。