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Abbreviations and Acronyms
Acronym Definition
3PLAPeople’s Liberation Army, Third Department
4WDfour-wheel drive
AAFAAmerican Apparel & Footwear Association
ABAAmerican Bar Association
ABCAgriculture Bank of China
ABPIAAmerican Bridal & Prom Industry Association
ACCAmerican Chemistry Council
AEIAmerican Enterprise Institute
AGICAsia-Germany Industrial Promotion Capital
AIartificial intelligence
AmCham American Chamber of Commerce Shanghai
AMLAnti-Monopoly Law
AMSCAmerican Superconductor Corporation
APECAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
APTadvanced persistent threat
AQSIQAdministration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
ATIAllegheny Technologies, Inc
AVICAviation Industry Corporation of China
AVICEM ACIF Electromechanical Systems Co., Ltd
AWDall-wheel drive
BCMBank of Communications
BEAU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
BGIShenzhen Beijing Genomics Institute
BIOBiotechnology Innovation Organization
BISBureau of Industry and Security
BoCBank of China
BRIBelt and Road Initiative
BRICBrazil, Russia, India, and China
C&Ccommand-and-control
CAACCivil Aviation Administration of China
CAIGAChina Aviation Industry General Aircraft Co.
CASTChina Association of Science and Technology
CCBCChina Construction Bank Corporation
CCCChina Compulsory Certification
CCCMEChina Chamber of Commerce for Import & Export of Machinery and Electronic Products
CCOICChina Chamber of International Commerce
CCPChinese Communist Party
CCXRChina Chengxin Securities Rating Company
CDBChina Development Bank
CFIUSCommittee on Foreign Investment in the United States
CGComplete Genomics
CGCCChina General Chamber of Commerce
CICChina Investment Corporation
CIGScopper indium gallium selenide
CIPLChina Intellectual Property Law Society
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CJVcontractual joint venture
CMGContinental Motors Group Limited
CMOScomplementary metal-oxide semiconductor
CNOOCChina National Offshore Oil Corporation
CNYChinese yuan
COMAC Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Ltd
CompTIA Computing Technology Industry Association
CPPCCChinese People’s Political Consultative Conference
CSICoalition of Services Industries
CSISCenter for Strategic and International Studies
CSPcloud service providers
CTAConsumer Technology Association
DHHDHH Washington Law Office
DHSU.S. Department of Homeland Security
DOJU.S. Department of Justice
DRCDevelopment and Reform Commission
EJVequity joint venture
EXIMChina Export-Import Bank
FADECfull authority digital engine control
FAWFirst Automotive Workers
FDIforeign direct investment
FIEforeign-invested entities
FYPFive-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development
GAgeneral aviation
GACGeneral Administration of Customs
GDPgross domestic product
GMOgenetically modified organism
HNAHainan Airlines
IaaSinfrastructure as a service
IAMInternational Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
IATAInternational Air Transport Association
ICintegrated circuit
ICBCIndustrial and Commercial Bank of China
ICTinformation and communications technology
ICTSDInternational Center for Trade and Sustainable Development
IDARintroduce, digest, absorb, and re-innovate
IDCinternet data center
IDDSinnovation-driven development strategy
IGBTinsulated-gate bipolar transistors
IGCCUniversity of California Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation
IMFInternational Monetary Fund
iMLIntegrated Memory Logic Limited
IPintellectual property
IPIRAIntellectual Property and Industry Research Alliances
ISSImaging Solutions and Services
ISSIIntegrated Silicon Solutions, Inc.
ITinformation technology
ITARInternational Traffic in Arms Regulations
ITIInformation Technology Industry Council
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ITIFInformation Technology & Innovation Foundation
JCCTU.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade
JVjoint venture
M&Amerger and acquisitions
MCFmilitary-civil fusion
MCMmulti-chip module
MEMAMotor & Equipment Manufacturers Association
MEMSmicro-electromechanical systems
MERICS Mercator Institute for China Studies
METIMinistry of Economy, Trade, and Industry
MIITMinistry of Industry and Information Technology
MLPNational Medium- and Long-Term Plan for the Development of Science and Technology
MLPSMulti-level Protection Scheme
MLRMinistry of Land and Resources of the People’s Republic of China
MNEmultinational enterprise
MOAMinistry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China
MOFMinistry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China
MOFCOM Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China
MOSTMinistry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China
MPSmanaged print services
MROmaintenance, repair, and overhaul
MSSChina’s Ministry of State Security
MWmegawatt
NAMNational Association of Manufacturers
NBCNational Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China
NDRCNational Development and Reform Commission
NEANational Energy Administration
NEVnew-energy vehicle
NFTCNational Foreign Trade Council
NHINorthern Heavy Industries Group
NPCNational People’s Congress (China)
NTENational Trade Estimate
OCTGoil country tubular goods
ODIoverseas direct investment
OECDOrganization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OFDIoutbound foreign direct investment
PaaScomputer platform as a service
PBOCPeople’s Bank of China
PERCPassivated Emitter Rear Contact
PLAChina’s People’s Liberation Army
PMAparts manufacturing and authorization
PMDDPermanent-Magnet Direct Drive
PPD-28Presidential Policy Directive 28
PPPprivate-public partnership
PRCPeople’s Republic of China
PWMpulse width modulation
R&Dresearch and development
RMBrenminbi (official currency of China)
S&EDU.S.-China Strategic & Economic Dialogue
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S&Tscience and technology
SaaScomputer software as a service
SAFEState Administration of Foreign Exchange
SAICState Administration of Industry Commerce
SASACState-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission
SASTIND State Administration for Science, Technology, and Industry for National Defense
SATState Administration of Taxes
SEIstrategic and emerging industries
SIASemiconductor Industry Association
SIGINTSignals intelligence
SIPOState Intellectual Property Office
SMICSemiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation
SNPTCState Nuclear Power Technology Corporation
SOEstate-owned enterprise
SSLPseamless standard line pipes
TIATelecommunications Industry Association
TIERRegulations of the PRC on Administration of Import and Export Technologies
TRBtechnical reconnaissance bureau
TRIPSTrade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
UAVunmanned aerial vehicle
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
USCUnited States Constitution
USCBCU.S.-China Business Council
USCIBU.S. Council for International Business
USDU.S. dollars
USITCU.S. International Trade Commission
USPTOU.S. Patent and Trademark Office
USWUnited Steel Workers
UTUnited Turbine
VATvalue-added tax
VCventure capital
WFOEwholly foreign-owned entity
WIPOUN’s World Intellectual Property Organization
WNAWorld Nuclear Association
ZGCZhongguancun。