摘 要
生猪产业已成为我国畜牧业的支柱产业,我国连续五年生猪出栏量和生猪
消费量位居世界前列，该产业作为国家基础性产业关系到国计民生，银行怎样
通过授信支持促进中小型生猪养殖企业的发展成为各家银行研究的新课题。因
为生猪养殖业的行业特色，生猪养殖行业养殖规模分散，行业有集中化趋势，
但是分散化的现实导致大部分中小养殖企业在猪价上涨时受困于没有资金支
持，无法抓住行情；在猪价下跌时，更是苦于没有资金或者银行抽贷，导致企
业不得不销售母猪缩小规模来维持生存。“猪周期”作为生猪养殖行业的波动
周期，对经营企业的影响十分明显：猪价上升时，部分中小养殖企业主高成本
负债扩大养殖规模，结果等到商品猪出栏时猪价开始下行，为了偿还债务和压
缩经营成本，部分中小养殖企业不得不卖掉母猪，结果又出现在猪价上升时无
猪可买，因此“猪周期”成为了中小养殖企业持续盈利和扩大经营最大的阻
碍。为了更好的服务三农，扶持养殖企业，克服“猪周期”给中小养殖企业带
来的负面影响，X银行Z分行针对行业特点，利用河南当地上市公司面向生猪
养殖全产业链各经营主体打造的“天猫”式综合服务平台——新融农牧电商平
台，设计了针对电商平台会员——生猪养殖企业的授信方案
本文利用系统分析法、数据分析法和对比分析法，通过对X银行Z分行的
授信方案进行逐步分析，同时与国际先进中小企业授信管理方法进行对比，找
出解决传统授信模式的不足，有效解决商业银行与生猪养殖企业之间信息不对
称和缺乏退出通道的核心难题。通过讨论该授信方案的成功经验和不足之处，
引出该授信方案对于商业银行和中小型养殖企业的作用和意义。适当的操作方
法，传统贷款审批中的高风险客户——中小型养殖企业贷款也可能成为商业银
行利润贡献客户。对今后基于行业平台项目的发展和提升做出诸如重建的风险
管理机制，确保中小型企业信贷业务的可持续性，积极探索依托销售回款、未
来收益、存货的变现等新的风险缓释措施，打破传统的融资模式思维，丰富现
有的融资产品，为中小企业信贷融资模式提供互联网+融资模式等方面的提示
和指导
关键词：平台；大数据；信息对称；授信政策；风险缓释
II
Abstract
The pig industry is the pillar industry of animal husbandry in China, China's five
consecutive year of pig slaughter and pork consumption in the world, as the basis of
the relationship between the industrial bank how beneficial to the people's livelihood,
through credit support and promote the development of small and medium-sized pig
farming enterprises become a new topic in the research of banks. Because the hog
industry characteristics, pig farming industry, the scale of farming industry has
decentralized, centralized trend, but the real cause of most small decentralized
farming enterprises in pork price rise when trapped in the no financial support, to
seize the market; the pork price fell, but suffer from lack of funds or bank loans
drawn, leading companies have sales sow shrink to survive. Pig cycle as the
fluctuation cycle of the pig farming industry, the impact on business enterprise is very
clear: the pig price rises, some small and medium-sized enterprises the main breeding
high cost debt to expand the scale of farming, pig slaughter results until pork prices
started down, in order to repay the debt and reduce operating costs, some small and
medium-sized enterprises have to sell the breeding sows the results appeared in the
pork price rise when pigs can be bought, so the pig cycle has become small and
medium-sized farming enterprises sustained profitability and expand the business the
biggest obstacle. In order to better serve the agriculture, support the aquaculture
enterprises, to overcome the negative impact of pig cycle to small and medium-sized
enterprise culture, X bank Z branch based on the characteristics of the industry, the
use of local listed companies for the pig breeding industry chain of various business
entities to create a Tmall integrated service platform -- into a new agricultural
business platform, design the electronic business platform for membership - credit
program of pig farming enterprises.
System analysis, data analysis and comparative analysis by the method of
stepwise analysis, through credit scheme of X bank Z branch, and compared with the
international advanced credit management method of small and medium-sized
enterprises, find out deficiency of traditional credit model, effectively solve the。