摘要
信用担保机构是经济发展的产物，广大企业在经济发展过程中迫切需要解决
资金融通的问题，而其资信水平又往往达不到银行等金融机构的要求，在这样的
条件下，担保行业应运而生。信用担保机构的出现解决了信贷市场中信息不对称、
提高资源配置效率、分散金融风险等难题，为解决企业融资难问题，促进社会经
济发展起到不可忽视的重要作用。但是，信用担保行业因为其处于银行等金融机
构的风险边缘，收益和风险的不对称，风险控制的被动性，使其经营本身承载了
巨大的风险，其是国际公认的高风险行业。如何解决信用担保机构的高风险问题，
有效控制风险，使其在社会经济发展过程中起到更好的作用，避免系统性风险，
是本论文研究的课题

本文总共分为六个部分，第一部分是论文的绪论，主要描述整篇论文的内容
框架，梳理和总结了国内外文献，说明了论文研究的背景、意义、思路、方法和
创新点，由此体现出本论文的研究价值

第二部分主要阐述信用担保风险的相关知识，理解信用担保风险的来龙去
脉

第三部分是我国信用担保机构风险的现状分析，内容包括我国信用担保机构
发展情况、我国信用担保机构风险的主要表现及形成

第四部分选取贵州贵金信用担保有限公司作为研究对象，通过分析该公司的
现状，指出其风险控制的现状及问题，起到以点及面的分析效果

第五部分以前几部分的总结分析为基础，提出对信用担保机构风险控制问题
的研究建议，着重阐述信用担保风险控制问题的全面风险控制体系构建方案，从
而为信用担保机构解决风险控制问题提供参考

第六部分是结论与展望

关键词：信用担保，融资，风险控制II
ABSTRACT
Credit guarantee institution is the product of economic development, in which
most enterprises urgently need to overcome financing difficulties, but its credit rating
often fails to meet the requirement of banks and other financial institutions. Under
such circumstances, credit guarantee industry emerged. It plays an important role that
can not be ignored in solving financing problems for enterprises and promoting social
and economic development, the emergence of which tackles asymmetric information
in credit market, improves the efficiency of resource allocation and spreads financial
risks and other difficulties. However, the credit guarantee industry is an
internationally recognized high-risk industry. On a knife-edge of banks and other
financial institutions, it not only inflicts asymmetry between benefit and risk but also
suffers passive control of the risk, which poses a significant risk to its management.
This thesis focuses on solutions for high-risk problems and effective control of the
risk so as to help credit guarantee institutions to play a better role in social and
economic development and avoid systemic risk.
This thesis is divided into six parts. The first part is general introduction which
mainly describes the content, summarizes worldwide references, and illustrates the
background, significance, ideas, methods and innovation to embody the research
value of this thesis.
The second part mainly elaborates related knowledge and helps people to
understand what is the credit guarantee risk.
The third part is an analysis of current risk situation faced by credit guarantee
institutions in China, including the development history of these institutions and how
the risks are presented and formed.
The fourth part takes Guizhou Guijin Credit Guarantee Co., Ltd. as a research
object. By analyzing the current situation of the company, this part points out the
status and problems of its risk control in order to provide a reference point for the
whole credit guarantee industry.
The fifth part provides some suggestions on how to research risk control basedIII
on the first four parts. Besides, aiming at solving problems of controlling credit
guarantee risk, this part mainly discusses the proposals on building a comprehensive
system for controlling risk to provide
solution reference for credit guarantee institutions.
The sixth part is conclusion and prospect.
Keywords: credit guarantee, financing, risk controlIV
目录
1 绪 论...........1
1.1 研究背景和意义 ...........2
1.1.1 研究背景.2
1.1.2 研究意义..3
1.2 文献综述......3
1.2.1 国外文献研究回顾......3
1.2.2 国内文献研究回顾......5
1.2.3 文献评述..7
1.3 研究内容、思路和方法......7
1.3.1 研究内容和思路........7
1.3.2 研究方法..8
1.4 创新点........8
2 信用担保风险概述.9
2.1 信用担保 ......9
2.1.1 信用担保的解释 ........9
2.1.2 信用担保的功能........9
2.2 信用担保风险.11
2.2.1 信用担保风险的含义...11
2.2.2 信用担保风险产生的原因和特点.....12
2.2.3 信用担保的风险来源...14
3 我国信用担保机构的风险及成因分析........16
3.1 我国信用担保行业发展情况.16
3.1.1 担保行业市场发展状况.16
3.1.2 担保行业发展格局.....17
3.1.3 国家对担保行业的政策支持.........17
3.1.4 业务多元化，行业市场开始呈现细分化态势.......18
3.1.5 行业处于市场框架形成末期，还需进一步规范和发展...........18
3.2 我国信用担保机构风险的主要表现.......19
3.2.1 实收资本金问题.......19
3.2.2 担保收费结构不合理...19V
3.2.3 内部规范化管理不完善.20
3.2.4 整体担保实力发展不均衡...........20
3.2.5 专业化人才队伍的建设不足.........21
3.2.6 部分担保公司存在非法集资嫌疑.....21
3.3 我国信用担保机构风险的形成原因.......21
3.3.1 宏观经济环境引发的风险...........21
3.3.2 被担保人（企业）引发的风险.......22
3.3.3 合作金融机构带来的风险...........22
3.3.4 信用担保机构内部管理带来的风险...23
3.3.5 行政主管部门带来的风险...........23
3.3.6 担保中介机构带来的风险...........23
4 案例分析：贵金信用担保公司风险控制问题剖析 ..........24
4.1 贵金信用担保公司发展现状分析.........24
4.1.1 贵金信用担保公司概况.24
4.1.2 贵金信用担保公司经营现状分析.....24
4.2 贵金信用担保公司风控体系运行状况分析.31
4.2.1 组织结构和公司运作模式...........31
4.2.2 担保业务风险控制框架.32
4.2.3 担保项目综合分析.....34
4.3 贵金信用担保公司代偿原因剖析及风险控制存在的问题.34
4.3.1 贵金担保公司担保代偿原因剖析.....35
4.3.2 贵金担保公司风险控制存在的问题...36
5 信用担保机构全面风险控制体系的构建及保障措施 ........39
5.1 构建信用担保机构全面风险控制体系.....39
5.1.1 建立担保全面风险控制体系的目标任务 ...........39
5.1.2 建立担保全面风险控制体系的原则...40
5.1.3 信用担保机构全面风险控制体系的核心框架.......41
5.2 保障措施.....46
5.2.1 构建稳定的金融环境...46
5.2.2 建立健全担保相关法律法规.........46
5.2.3 健全公司治理结构.....47
5.2.4 建立风险分担机制.....47
5.2.5 人力资源保障.........47VI
6 结论与展望.....
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