摘要
自 2012 年生鲜电商元年以来，多家电商公司集中涉足此前无人看好的生鲜食品
领域开启了生鲜电商全面发展的新时代。尤其是在 2013 年以后，生鲜电商行业创业
公司雨后春笋般的涌现和资本市场对生鲜电商行业的青睐，愈演愈烈的竞争和对线上
客户资源的争夺使得各生鲜电商公司在寻求资本注入以后，纷纷割舍毛利大打价格
战，加上生鲜商品本身特性决定生鲜电商公司不可避免的需要大量资金投入冷链仓储
和冷链物流等重资产建设，优秀的供应链资源的整合能力和良好的各环节成本控制才
能首先保证生鲜电商公司的生存并将逐渐成为企业的核心竞争力

本论文以F生鲜电商公司为例，通过对F生鲜电商公司包材类供应商开发与引进、
特殊包材的选用、包材库存管理、与公司其他部门沟通制定相关采购计划等方面的剖
析，综合运用文献梳理法、数据整理法和案例分析法相结合的研究方法，对 F 公司的
包材采购管理现状展开研究。并提出符合 F 公司目前需要的包材采购管理优化策略，
使 F 公司能够更有效地开发管理包材类供应商，增强包材采购管理能力，更好的配合
F 公司前端部门的需求，降低包材采购成本

包装材料采购作为 F 公司供应链资源的一部分，对提升 F 公司消费者购物体验，
降低履约成本、提高企业竞争力起到至关重要的作用。本论文创新的将物资采购和供
应商管理的相关理论运用在新兴的生鲜电商行业上，通过对物资采购管理的相关理论
和策略的详细论述，阐明了这些管理理论和策略对 F 公司包材采购管理问题的影响，
提出了适用于生鲜电商公司的包装材料采购管理的目标和优化方案。也为行业其他生
鲜电商公司的包材采购管理提供参考

关键词：供应商管理；生鲜电商；包装材料采购；成本控制III
Abstract
Since the year of 2012, few E-commerce enterprises have started their fresh
E-commerce business which were not recognized as valuable industry before and opened a
new era of rapid development of fresh E-commerce industry. After the year of 2013,
thousands of new start-up enterprises have sprung up like mushrooms in the recent years.
Capital markets started to join in and competition was becoming increasingly fierce. All
fresh E-commerce companies could only cut their profit margins and were involved in a
price war. Fresh business usually needs huge investment in cold storage construction and
cold chain logistics which is another burden of fresh E-commerce companies. Only good
supply chain resources integration and appropriate cost control in the internal of the
company could ensure the survival of the fresh E-commerce companies and become the
core competence of the corporation in the future.
This paper is mainly researching on the management of F company’s packaging
materials procurement management including the selection of suppliers; the selection of
packaging materials；the management of packaging materials inventory and packaging
materials’ purchasing planning through data collection; documentations researches and
case analysis. It is applying purchasing management theories with the real practice of F
company’s current situation and propose solution for the improvement of packaging
materials management which is aiming at better communication and cooperation within F
company and lower the cost.
As a necessary party of supply chain resources of E-commerce companies, Good
packaging materials management helps greatly with the improvement of customer
experiences; lower the cost of performance of the company and the promotion of corporate
competitiveness. Moreover, this paper also provides related practical reference for other
E-commerce companies.
Keywords: Supplier Management; Fresh E-Commerce; Packaging Materials Purchasing;
Cost Control目录
致谢.....I
摘要...II
Abstract ........ III
第 1 章 绪论..1
1.1 研究背景.......... 1
1.2 研究意义.......... 2
1.3 国内外研究文献述评. 3
1.4 研究内容与研究方法. 5
1.4.1 研究内容...5
1.4.2 研究思路与方法..6
1.5 本文创新点.. 6
第 2 章 采购管理相关理论研究......8
2.1 采购的 5R 原则........... 8
2.1.1 适质...........8
2.1.2 适量...........8
2.1.3 适价...........8
2.1.4 适时...........8
2.1.5 适地 ..8
2.2 供应商选择的六因素理论..... 9
2.2.1 质量........9
2.2.2 价格........9
2.2.3 交货........9
2.2.4 创新.........9
2.2.5 技术.........9
2.2.5 服务.......10
2.3 库存管理四个模型.10
第 3 章 F 公司包材采购管理现状及存在的问题..123.1 F 公司外部环境因素分析——PEST 分析模型 .... 12
3.1.1 政治环境因素...12
3.1.2 经济环境因素...12
3.1.3 社会环境因素...........
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