摘要
随着市场经济的不断发展，国家宏观调控力度也在持续加大，使得成品油
销售企业体制优化拥有了坚持的基础。在此基础上，成品油销售企业应该从自
身发展实际出发，充分借鉴国内外先进的管理经验，保证成品油销售企业制度
优化取得较大成绩。提高成品油销售企业在用工制度优化层面的能力，推动成
品油销售企业用工制度优化朝着多元化、科学化、系统化方向不断发展，最终
不断提升成品油销售企业的综合竞争力，推动成品油销售企业健康稳定向前发
展

X 企业是一家大型成品油销售企业，有着较为多元的企业用工形态和较大
的用工规模，其成品油销售企业用工制度发展过程和发展现状成为成品油销售
企业用工的一个缩影。近年来，随着市场经济的快速发展，X 企业的用工形式、
用工形态和用工制度有着多样化的发展，计划经济时代的单一化用工体系向着
多元化并举的用工形态转变，正式工、合同工、劳务派遣工、外包人员、临时
用工等多样化用工形式融入其中，使得成品油销售企业用工的难度较大、管理
复杂、专业化要求较高。基于此，本文将成品油销售企业用工制度优化作为主
要的研究对象，对于成品油销售企业用工制度的基本概念、成品油销售企业用
工制度的发展现状展开研究与分析，并且引入了 X 企业用工案例已实现对目前
成品油销售企业用工制度应用存在的问题展开分析，并且针对性地提出相应的
发展策略

在本文的研究过程中，成品油销售企业用工制度优化研究是研究中心内容
所在，这一选题作为完整的研究体系则涉及到了成品油销售企业制度的发展形
态、应用现状分析，从中了解当前存在的问题，并且提出相应的发展策略。在
具体的研究设置上，X 企业是国有企业用工制度优化研究的主要案例，通过对
于这一案例的分析与研究以发现目前国有企业用工制度存在的问题，以提出相
应的优化方向和优化措施，从而真正地实现用工制度的改善与发展

关键词：成品油销售企业；用工制度；优化5
Abstract
With the continuous development of market economy, the state&39;s macroeconomic
regulation and control efforts are also continuing to increase, making the
optimization of the system of refined oil sales enterprises have a strong foundation.
On this basis, the refined oil sales enterprises should start from their own reality,
learn from the advanced management experience at home and abroad, to ensure that
the system of refined oil sales enterprises to achieve greater results. The increase of
the refined oil sales enterprises in the employment level of optimization of the
ability system, promote employment system of finished oil sales enterprise
optimization towards diversification, scientific and systematic direction of
development, and ultimately continue to enhance the comprehensive
competitiveness of the finished oil sales enterprises, promote the healthy and stable
development of oil sales enterprises.
X company is a large oil sales enterprise, has a more diversified enterprise form
and large scale employment, the employment system development process and
development status of refined oil sales enterprises become a microcosm of the
finished oil sales enterprise employment. In recent years, with the rapid
development of market economy, X enterprise form of employment, employment
forms and employment system have a diversified development, the single planned
economy employment system toward diversified employment patterns change,
formal workers, contract workers, labor dispatch, personnel outsourcing, temporary
employment and other diversified employment forms into among them, the finished
oil sales enterprise employment difficult and complicated management, high
professional requirements. Based on this, this paper will be finished oil sales
enterprises to optimize the employment system as the main object of study, for the
current development of the basic concept, the employment system of refined oil
sales enterprises of refined oil sales enterprise employment system research and
analysis, and introduces the employment case of X enterprises have realized the
analysis of the current employment system of finished oil sales enterprise
application the problems, and put forward the corresponding development strategy.
In the research process, the finished oil sales enterprise employment system
optimization is a research center where the contents of the topic, as a complete
research system involves the development of morphology and application status of
refined oil sales enterprise system analysis, to understand the current problems from
it, and put forward the corresponding development strategy. In the specific research
settings, X enterprise is mainly a case study on Optimization of employment system
of state-owned enterprises, through the analysis and Research on this case to find
the existing employment system of state-owned enterprises at present, to put
forward the corresponding optimization direction and optimization measures, so as
to realize the improvement and development of the employment system.
Keywords：state owned enterprises; present situation; optimization6
目 录
摘要. 4
Abstract......... 5
第 1 章导论....... 9
1.1 研究背景 ..9
1.2 研究目的与研究意义....10
1.2.1 研究目的 ........10
1.2.2 研究意义 ........10
1.3 国内外研究现状 .......11
1.3.1 国外研究现状.....11
1.3.2 国内研究现状 ....12
1.3.3 研究述评.........13
1.4 研究思路与方法........15
1.4.1 研究思路 ........15
1.4.2 研究方法 ........16
1.5 可能的创新之处 .......16
第 2 章成品油销售企业用工制度的理论基础.. 18
2.1 成品油销售企业用工制度的内涵及构成要素 .......18
2.2 成品油销售企业用工制度的基本理论..18
2.2.1 需要层次理论.....18
2.2.2 双因素理论.......19
2.2.3 公平理论.........20
2.2.4 劳资关系理论.....20
第 3 章企业用工制度的发展概况—以 X 企业为例 .......... 22
3.1 成品油销售企业用工制度的发展历程 .22
3.1.1 固定用工.........227
3.1.2 双轨制用工.......24
3.1.3 多元化用工 ......24
3.2 成品油销售企业用工状况的实证分析 .25
3.2.1 合同制用工情况...26
3.2.2 临时工(非全日制用工) 情况 ...28
3.2.3 内部退养员工情况.28
3.2.4 劳务派遣工情况...28
3.2.5 外包人员情况 ....29
3.3 X 企业用工发展方向....30
第 4 章成品油销售企业用工存在问题及原因分析 .......... 32
4.1 成品油销售企业用工存在的问题 .....32
4.1.1 岗位用工属性混乱，企业用工负担较重 ......32
4.1.2 劳务用工纠纷多，人力资源难以充分挖掘.....33
4.1.3 外包管理难度大，用工机制不健全 ..........34
4.1.4 同工不同酬，人员流失严重 ...35
4.1.5 激励体系不健全，人力资源开发受限.........35
4.2 成品油销售企业用工问题原因分析 ...36
4.2.1 用工政策方面的原因...........36
4.2.2 油品业务扩张方面的原因.......37
4.2.3 费用成本方面的原因...
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