摘要
本文围绕风电设备融资租赁这一科学问题，试图从融资租赁的基本概念入手，并
根据国内风电企业融资的特点，如建设依赖于政府长期稳定的投资优惠政策支持、规
模灵活、建设周期短、一次性投资大、投资回收期较长、项目融资依赖于国家投融资
政策的支持、融资方式具有市场特性等，以及融资租赁的优势，如具有更好的融资途
径、节省资金，形式灵活、自主的租赁形式、降低出租人的风险等，且融资租赁在我
国风电设备行业潜在承租人市场潜力等方面对融资租赁在风电设备行业的应用进行理
论方面的设想与论证

风电产业是我国战略性新兴产业，也是属于资本密集型的产业，其特点是前期开
发资金投入较大，回收期漫长，一般需要 8-10 年，这造成了许多风电开发企业负债率
高、再融资难度大等现实困难。为了解决这种困难，作为上游的整机设备供应商逐渐
和开发企业联合起来探索新的融资模式。其中，融资租赁作为金融和金融资产的组合，
相比银行借贷能很好的满足风电的资金需求，逐渐成为风电申请项目银行贷款的一种
替代性选择

结合融资租赁基本概念和我国风电行业融资租赁现状分析，得到融资租赁在风电
行业发展市场潜力巨大，有大量的潜在承租人需求的结论。通过某风电机组综合测试
园项目一个具体的大型风电设备融资租赁案例，从项目基本情况、承租方基本需求、
项目初步分析意见、项目融资租赁基本条件简介和项目融资租赁初步方案等方面介绍
了该项目的具体情况；从融资租赁决策模型，方案设计，收益测算等多方面阐述了融
资租赁方法在该项目中的应用和优势，可为类似工程项目提供参考

文章还从操作基本流程、融资租赁解决方案和租金支付方式等方面阐述了融资租
赁模式的风险管理；阐述了出租人和承租人可能存在的风险，从风险类型角度和风险
阶段分别阐述在融资租赁过程中采取的风险管理对策和防范措施，说明了融资租赁在
风电设备行业应用的基本流程与具体细节；最后通过融资租赁的风险管控与对策的分
析，建立了融资租赁风险管理的 AHP 模型

基于 AHP 方法的风电设备融资租赁出租人规避风险的决策方法，科学的分析融资
租赁风险研究过程中的各类风险形式，对风险管理模型的矩阵权重系数由对电力投资
领域十分熟悉的风险控制专家对各个指标进行打分判断，制定科学的融资租赁项目结
构和规范的操作流程，建立良好的企业管理机制、建立融资租赁项目风险预警机制、华北电力大学硕士学位论文
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建立融资租赁项目监督机制、建立融资租赁项目风险控制执行机制、科学躲避和转移
的融资租赁风险，简单实用，且具有一定的科学系统性，值得推广应用

关键词：融资租赁；风电设备；案例分析；风险管理华北电力大学硕士学位论文
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Abstract
Based on a science issue of wind power devices’ finance lease, this article tries to start
with the fundamental concept of finance lease,taking the reference of the characteristics of
current domestic wind power enterprise such like, company construction relies on the bonus
support from government for long term investment, flexibility on size, short construction
period, large lump sum payment, long period of investment pay back, financing of wind
power projects rely on support of national financial policy, financing way has market
characteristic, But on the contrary, financial lease has advantages like better financial route,
less cost, more flexibility, independent financial lease pattern, lower risk for renter, and
financial lease has potential renter market in domestic wind power devices field. On these 2
aspects, the article will give assumption and argument in theory for the application of wind
power financial lease.
Wind power industry is not only a strategic emerging industry in China, but also
belongs to the capital-intensive industries. Base on the characteristic of large scale Early
development funds and long payback period(normally 8-10 years), it cause high debt ratio
and refinancing difficult in the development of lots of wind power enterprises. In order to
solve this problem, new financing modes are explored by the upstream equipment suppliers
and enterprises. Among them, compared to bank loans, financial lease as a combination of
financial and financial assets can well meet the wind power needs. It gradually become an
alternative plan of bank loans for wind power applications.
A statement for general project introduction, lessee demand, preliminary project
analysis, basic condition and plan design of the financial lease is invented based on a
large-scale wind power generator financial lease program of a wind power equipment
integrative test industrial park. Risk management of this financial lease is presented with
analysis of operation procedure, solution and lease payment methods. Subsequently, we
analyzed the potential risk of both lessor and the lessee, explained risk management solution
and precautionary measure within risk types and risk stages respectively, demonstrating the
basic flow and concrete details of financial lease in wind power industry. Ultimately, AHP
model of financial lease risk management is built within analysis of counterplan, risk华北电力大学硕士学位论文
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management and control.
The article is based on decision method of avoiding risks by wind power financial lease
renter using AHP method, analyzes all kinds of risks arose on the research of financial lease
risk, scores will be given depends on the evaluation by risk control experts who are familiar
with matrix index of risk management model in electronic investment field, making a
scientific financial lease project structure and normative process, to establish a good
enterprise management standard, a financial lease project risk prevention system, a monitor
system,a risk control and execution system, which can realize the scientific prevention and
transfer of financial lease risk, it’s simple, practical, scientific and systematic, which is
worthy to implement in practice.
Keywords: finance lease, wind power devices, case analysis, risk management华北电力大学硕士学位论文
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目 录
摘要.........IV
Abstract....VI
目 录.....VIII
第 1 章 研究内容及文献综述.......1
1.1 研究背景及意义...1
1.1.1 研究背景.....1
1.1.2 研究意义.....2
1.2 文献综述...2
1.3 融资租赁相关理论...........4
1.3.1 融资租赁的特点.......5
1.3.2 融资租赁的功能.......5
1.3.3 融资租赁相关指标解释.......6
1.4 融资租赁主要模式分析...6
1.4.1 英国租赁模式...........6
1.4.2 德国 KG 模式...........
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