摘要
农业对我国国民经济的影响力巨大。近年来，在国家的大力扶持下，农业生产的质
与量都有了飞跃式提升。但由于地理条件、气候差异、历史原因和农业本身的弱质性等
因素，造成我国农业生产集约化程度低，小规模农业生产经营主体构成农业经济发展的
主要动力。特别是小微企业，已成为市场上最活跃的力量，其对经济发展、提供就业、
技术创新等都有着十分重要的作用。但由于规模小、资产量少、财务信息不规范等因素，
造成我国农业小微企业融资困难，发展严重受阻

本文通过对有关农业风险与农业风险管理、农业小额贷款和企业风险评价指标体系
等相关文献进行梳理，对各个要素的概念、分类、特征及其成因等相关理论进行阐述，
再对我国农业小微企业进行小额贷款的外部环境及自身状况进行分析，认为要解决农业
小微企业贷款难的问题，首先要消除金融机构与企业间的信息不对称。解决这个问题的
途径之一便是构建一个适用于农业小微企业的风险评价指标体系，以便涉农金融机构能
够更加客观地对农业小微企业的小额贷款风险做出评价

本文参考一般风险评价指标体系的构建原则，按照层次分析法的一般步骤，构建了
一个包含有7方面因素的24个指标在内的风险评价指标体系,并在此基础上进行风险综
合评价。综合评价方法形成后，本文运用该指标体系结合 A 牧业公司小额贷款项目进行
风险综合评价，采用数量分析手段对 A 牧业公司进行信用评级，进而对该贷款项目风险
得出评价结论。最后对以上研究内容进行总结，对研究成果的应用及今后还要进一步补
充完善的方向做出展望

关键词：农业风险；小微企业；小额贷款；风险管理；指标体系II
Abstract
Agriculture is the basic industry of our country&39;s national economy. In recent years, with
the country&39;s strong support, the quality and quantity of agricultural production has a dramatic
improvement. But due to the geographical conditions, the differences of climate, historical
reasons and the consideration of its own weakness, the agricultural production in our country
is relatively scattered. Small-scale agricultural producers have been the main power of the
agricultural production. Especially the small and micro enterprises, have become the most
active force in the market. It is an extremely important role in the economic development,
providing employment, technological innovation, etc. But due to their small size, less amount
of assets, nonstandard financial data, and so on, the financing difficulties of agricultural small
and micro enterprise have been a serious impediment to its development.
Through combing the relevant literatures of the agricultural risk and risk management,
agricultural microcredit and business risk evaluation index system, this article analyzes the
concepts, classifications, characteristics, causes of various elements and some related theories，
then analyzes the external environment in our country and its own condition of the
agricultural small and micro enterprises&39; microcredit. The author thinks that to solve the
financing difficulties of the agricultural small and micro enterprises, we should eliminate the
information asymmetry between financial institutions and enterprises for the first. One of the
ways to solve this problem is to build an agricultural risk evaluation index system which is
suitable for the small and micro enterprises, so that the agricultural financial institutions can
evaluate loan risk more objectively.
Consulting the construction principle of general risk evaluation index system, and
according to the general steps of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the paper builds a
risk evaluation index system which contains 24 indexes of 7 factors first，then gave a
comprehensive assessment on the basis of the risk evaluation index system. After the
formation of the comprehensive evaluation method, the paper uses the risk evaluation index
system combined with A animal husbandry company to carry out a comprehensive evaluation
of the risk of small loans，using quantitative method to evaluate A animal husbandry
company&39;s credit rating and project risk. Finally, the above research contents are summarized
and the conclusion is drawn. The application of the research results and the future direction of
further improvement is also prospected.
Key Words：Agricultural risk；Small and micro enterprise；Microcredit；Risk management；
Evaluation systemIII
目录
第 1 章 绪论 . 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 ...... 1
1.1.1 研究背景 ......... 1
1.1.2 研究意义 ......... 2
1.2 研究思路2
1.3 研究方法3
1.4 研究框架4
第 2 章 相关研究综述 ..... 5
2.1 农业风险与农业风险管理理论 ...... 5
2.1.1 农业风险的内涵及其特征 ....... 5
2.1.2 农业风险的分类及其成因 ....... 6
2.1.3 农业风险管理的概念与目标 ..... 7
2.1.4 农业风险管理的一般程序 ....... 7
2.2 农业小微企业的定义 .. 8
2.3 农业小额贷款的概念与特征 ........ 8
2.3.1 农业小额贷款的概念 ........... 8
2.3.2 农业小额贷款的特征 ........... 9
2.4 企业风险评价指标体系相关研究 .... 9
2.5 层次分析法的相关研究 ........... 10
第 3 章 我国农业小微企业小额贷款环境及自身状况分析 .......... 12
3.1 我国农业小微企业小额贷款环境分析 ........... 12
3.1.1 我国农业小额贷款的现状 ...... 12
3.1.2 我国农业小额贷款存在的问题 .. 13
3.2 我国农业小微企业小额贷款的自身状况分析 ..... 15
3.2.1 我国农业小微企业小额贷款的特征 .......... 15
3.2.2 我国农业小微企业小额贷款的风险来源 ...... 15
第 4 章 农业小微企业的小额贷款风险评价指标体系构建 .......... 17
4.1 风险评价指标体系的构建原则和方法 ........... 17
4.1.1 构建原则 ........ 17
4.1.2 构建方法和步骤 .. 17
4.2 风险评价指标体系的构建 ......... 18IV
4.2.1 确定风险指标体系的构成 ...... 18
4.2.2 确定风险评价指标的权重 ...... 20
4.3 风险综合评价 ....... 25
第 5 章 A 牧业公司小额贷款案例分析... 28
5.1 案例概况 ........... 28
5.2 案例要点分析 ....... 29
5.3 案例风险评价 ....... 29
结论与建议 .. 31
参考文献 .... 32
附录 A 农业小微企业小额贷款风险评价指标权重确定调查问卷..... 34
致谢 ........ 39首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究背景与意义
1.1.1 研究背景
农业产业发展水平的高低关系着整个社会的发展。长期以来，我国农业产业一直在
小规模、低水平的层次上徘徊，农户盈利水平低，自身积累缓慢。农产品面临着激烈的
市场竞争，农业投资收益率不高。这些因素使得农村金融服务难以面向小规模农业生产
者。吸引外部资金困难，制约了有发展潜力的农业小微企业和农户增产增收

根据国家工业和信息化部发布的“十三五”全国小微企业发展规划，201
。。。以上简介无排版格式，详细内容请下载查看