摘要
时代发展，社会进步，农村经济发展的速度越来越快，农村居民对金融服务的
需求也越来越高，传统的金融供给模式早已不能满足。资金缺口问题已经成为我国
农村地区近期建设和社会发展的拦路虎。为了解决农村金融供给不足和“三农”融
资难的问题，银监会提出在农村地区进行新型农村银行业金融机构改革试点。2007
年 3 月 1 日试点投入建设，备受国家重视，发展速度较快，截至 2016 年 5 月，全国
共组建村镇银行 1356 家。我们需要加快农村经济的增长，但是需要保持着一个健康、
快速、稳定的发展，才能更有效地构建农村金融生态体系。当然作为新型的农村金
融机构之一，村镇银行在运行过程中不可避免存在着一些问题，如资金来源不足、
结算渠道不畅、目标定位偏离“三农”、金融产品陈旧等，同时也受到农村金融生
态环境不健全的诸多限制和影响

本文基于农村金融生态视角，从现阶段我国村镇银行的发展现状入手，利用
SWOT 分析模型和国内外村镇银行成功案例分析方法，提出了我国村镇银行未来发
展的相关对策建议。即基于农村金融生态视角，从三个方面进一步优化我国村镇银
行的发展：村镇银行本身、村镇银行所处的金融生态环境、村镇银行与金融生态系
统内部其他主体之间的协调机制。最后，归纳了本文研究的结论，指出研究的不足
以及对未来研究进行了展望

关键字：村镇银行；农村金融生态；SWOT 分析；案例分析；对策
作 者：陆耀刚
指导老师：乔桂明II
A Study On The Present Situation and Countermeasures
Of The Development Of Rural Banks in China From
The Respective Of Financial Ecology
Abstract
With the development of the times, the progress of the society and the development
of the rural economy more and more quickly, the demand of the rural residents to the
financial service is also higher and higher. The funding gap has become China&39;s rural areas
of recent construction and social development in the way of. In order to solve the problem
of insufficient supply of rural finance and the three rural financing difficulties, the China
Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) put forward the reform of rural banking
financial institutions in rural areas. March 1, 2007 pilot into the building, the national
attention, the development of faster, as of May 2016, the country set up a total of 1356
village banks. We need to speed up the growth of rural economy, but need to maintain a
healthy, rapid and stable development, in order to more effectively build the rural
ecological system. Of course, as one of the new type of rural financial institutions, rural
banks in the process of operation inevitably has some problems, such as lack of funds,
settlement channel is not smooth, target orientation from the three rural financial
products obsolete, but also by many restrictions and effects of rural financial ecological
environment is not perfect. In this paper, based on the rural financial ecological
perspective, starting from the current development stage of China&39;s rural banks, using
SWOT analysis method to analysis model and the domestic and foreign rural bank
successful case, puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions for the future
development of the rural banks in our country. Based on the rural financial ecological
perspective, and further optimize the development of rural banks in China from three
aspects: the coordination mechanism between rural banks, rural banks itself the financial
ecological environment, rural banks and other entities within the system of financial
ecology. Finally, the paper summarizes the conclusions of this study, points out theIII
deficiencies and prospects for future research.
Keywords: Village Banks；Rural Financial Ecology；SWOT Analysis；Case
Analysis；Countermeasures
Written by：Lu Yaogang
Supervised by：Qiao Guiming
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目 录
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第一章 绪 论 ..........1
1.1 研究背景及意义1
1.1.1 研究的背景.. 1
1.1.2 研究的意义.. 2
1.2 国内外研究综述2
1.2.1 国外研究综述.......... 2
1.2.2 国内研究综述.......... 4
1.2.3 国内外研究现状评述.......... 6
1.3 研究的思路、内容与方法 ........ 7
1.3.1 研究思路及内容...... 7
1.3.2 研究方法...... 7
1.4 本文研究技术路线 ........ 8
第二章 村镇银行和金融生态相关理论 及其两者关系分析........9
2.1 概念界定9
2.1.1 村镇银行...... 9
2.1.2 金融生态...... 9
2.1.3 农村金融生态.......... 9
2.2 相关的重要理论 .......... 11
2.2.1 金融抑制与金融深化理论 11
2.2.2 农村金融理论........ 11
2.3 农村金融生态与村镇银行发展关系分析 ...... 12
2.3.1 村镇银行加入农村金融生态系统的必要性........ 12
2.3.2 村镇银行在农村金融生态系统中的地位 13
2.4 本章小结 .......... 14第三章 我国村镇银行发展现状及 SWOT 分析..15
3.1 我国村镇银行发展现状分析 .. 15
3.1.1 我国村镇银行的发展背景 15
3.1.2 我国村镇银行的数量与区域分布 16
3.1.3 我国村镇银行的发起机构及发展模式.... 19
3.1.4 我国村镇银行的经营现状分析.... 21
3.1.5 我国村镇银行的风险控制水平分析........ 24
3.2 我国村镇银行发展中存在的问题 ...... 25
3.3 我国村镇银行未来发展的 SWOT 分析 ......... 26
3.3.1 我国村镇银行的优势（Strength） .......... 27
3.3.2 我国村镇银行的劣势（Weakness）........ 28
3.3.3 我国村镇银行的机会（Opportunity） .... 30
3.3.4 我国村镇银行的威胁（Threaten）