摘要
我国的中等职业教育现已逐步发展成为我国教育体系中的一个重要环节，担
负着培养高素质的初、中级劳动者和技能型人才的使命，特别是在我国实行创新
驱动战略、推进经济结构战略性调整的背景下，中等职业教育越来越受到关注。
但是，随着中国经济转型、改革深入，中等职业学校特别是内地的中职学校
在市场经济冲击下面临着巨大的生存压力。当前的职业教育还不能完全适应社会
经济发展的需要，结构不尽合理，质量有待提高，办学条件薄弱，体制机制不畅，
使得很多中职学校缺乏核心竞争力。如何使中职教育走长期可持续性发展道路，
是摆在中职学校或者说整个社会面前的重要问题。
因此，本文在认真研习了战略管理理论和方法的基础上，深入了解了四川省
绵阳农业学校（以下简称“绵阳农校”）现如今所面临的难题，层层分析学校的发
展现状。首先运用 PEST 分析法，通过政治、经济、社会和技术要素四个方面的因
素分析，从总体上把握宏观环境，并评价这些因素对学校战略目标和战略制定的
影响；在行业分析中，通过和绵阳市的其他职业学校的对比分析，明确整个行业
现状及未来的发展趋势；在分析内外部机会与威胁时，运用 SWOT 分析法，分析出
学校自身的实力与不足。最终制定出适合该校发展的战略，并提出保障措施。
本文的研究对四川省绵阳农业学校在现有体制下成功转型，使之找到适合自
己的生存之道，确立自己独特的核心竞争优势提供了理论支撑，同时也能给其他
中职学校的生存发展作参考，促进中等职业学校健康发展。
关键词：绵阳农业学校；职业教育；发展战略；战略转型西南科技大学硕士研究生学位论文
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Abstract
China’s secondary vocational education has gradually developed into a major cycle
in its education system, undertaking the mission of cultivating high-quality primary and
middle-class workersand skilled talents. Especially under the background of China
implementing creation-driven strategy and advancing the strategy adjustment of
economic structure, secondary vocational education gains more and more attention.
However, with the deepening of China’s economic transformation and reform,
secondary vocational schools, especially mainland ones, suffer huge pressure of survival
under the impact of marketing economy. The present vocational education cannot
completely adapt to the needs of social economy’s development. Many secondary
vocational schools lack core competiveness, due to unreasonable stricture, low quality,
weak school conditions and poor institutional mechanisms. How to make secondary
vocational education step into a long-term sustainable development path is the
significant problem faced by secondary vocational schools or even the whole society.
Therefore, based on the careful study on strategy management theory and methods,
this thesis in-depth explored the difficulties now faced by Mianyang Agricultural School
in Sichuan Province (hereinafter referred to as "Mianyang Agricultural School"), and
detailed analyzed its development status. Firstly, through PEST analysis method, from
four aspects including politics, economy, society and technology, it grasped the macro
environment on the whole and assessed the impact of these factors on school’s strategy
objectives and development; in industrial analysis, by contrastive analysis with other
vocational schools in Mianyang city, it clarified the status of the whole industry and the
future development trend; when analyzing the external opportunities and threatens, it
found out the strengths and deficiency of the school itself through SWOT analysis
method. Finally, it developed the strategy suitable the school’s development and
proposed supporting measures.
This study provides the theoretical supports for MianyangAgriculturalSchool西南科技大学硕士研究生学位论文
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successfully transforming under the existing system. So that it will find a suitable way
to survive and determine its core competitiveness. In the meantime, it may provide
reference for the survival and development of other secondary vocational schools,
promoting their healthy development.
Keyword: Mianyang Agricultural School ； vocational school ； Vocational
education； Strategy；Strategic transformation西南科技大学硕士研究生学位论文
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目 录
1 绪论.........................................................................................................................1
1.1 选题的背景和意义..........................................................................................1
1.1.1 选题的背景...........................................................................................1
1.1.2 选题的意义...........................................................................................2
1.2 相关理论与国内外研究现状综述..................................................................2
1.2.1 相关理论综述.......................................................................................2
1.2.2 国内外研究现状综述.........................................................................10
1.3 研究方法与思路............................................................................................15
1.3.1 研究思路.............................................................................................15
1.3.2 研究方法.............................................................................................16
1.4 本文的特色与创新........................................................................................16
2 四川省绵阳农业学校的发展现状与问题分析.......................................................17
2.1 四川省绵阳农业学校的情况简介................................................................17
2.1.1 四川省绵阳农业学校的发展简史.....................................................17
2.1.2 四川省绵阳农业学校的现状.............................................................18
2.2 四川省绵阳农业学校的问题分析................................................................19
2.2.1 学校管理问题.....................................................................................19
2.2.2 生源危机.............................................................................................19
2.2.3 师资结构不合理.................................................................................20
2.2.4 毕业实习管理难，就业质量不高.....................................................20
2.2.5 政府重视程度不高，投入不够，负债严重.....................................20
3 四川省绵阳农业学校的外部环境分析与评价.......................................................22
3.1 四川省绵阳农业学校的外部环境分析........................................................22
3.1.1 学校发展的 PEST 分析.......................................................................22
3.1.2 学校发展的行业竞争环境分析.........................................................24
3.2 四川省绵阳农业学校外部因素评价............................................................25
4 四川省绵阳农业学校内部环境分析及评价...........................................................27西南科技大学硕士研究生学位论文
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4.1 四川省绵阳农业学校的内部环境分析........................................................27
4.1.1 硬件环境分析.....................................................................................27
4.1.2 学校人力资源环境分析.....................................................................27
4.1.3 组织结构分析.....................................................................................28
4.1.4 教师队伍建设能力分析.....................................................................28
4.1.5 专业特色分析.....................................................................................28
4.1.6 教学管理能力分析.............................................................................29
4.1.7 学校助学政策分析.............................................................................29
4.1.8 招生就业能力分析.............................................................................29
4.2 四川省绵阳农业学校生源分析....................................................................31
4.3 四川省绵阳农业学校内部环境综合评价....................................................32
5 四川省绵阳农业学校转型战略制定.......................................................................33
5.1 SWOT 分析.......................................................................................................33
5.1.1 四川省绵阳农业学校外部机会和威胁........................