EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OCTOBER 2015 THE CHINA EFFECT ON GLOBAL INNOVATION Copyright McKinsey&Company 2015 In the 25years since its founding, the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) has sought to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. As the business and economics research arm of McKinsey&Company, MGI aims to provide leaders in commercial, public, and social sectors with the facts and insights on which to base management and policy decisions. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Our “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. 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For further information about MGI and to download reports, please visit mckinsey/mgi. MCKINSEY IN CHINA The McKinsey Greater China Offce serves clients across a broad range of industry and functional areas. Since the frst offce in the region was established in Hong Kong 30years ago, McKinsey has completed more than 2,500 client engagements across more than 15 industries. We advise clients on strategy and a wide range of issues. In addition to providing strategic advice, we work closely with clients to redesign their organizations for higher performance, improve their operations, market their products more effectively, integrate acquisitions, improve risk management, reduce costs, streamline supply chains, and get better value out of their IT investments. For more information about McKinsey Greater China, please visit mckinseychina. Jonathan Woetzel | Shanghai Yougang Chen | Hong Kong James Manyika | San Francisco Erik Roth | Shanghai Jeongmin Seong | Shanghai Jason Lee | Houston OCTOBER 2015 THE CHINA EFFECT ON GLOBAL INNOVATION IN BRIEF CHINA CAN BECOME A GLOBAL INNOVATION LEADER China has the potential to evolve from an innovation sponge—absorbing and adapting global technologies and knowledge—to an innovation leader. Chinese companies are performing well in some types of innovation, by flling consumer needs with better products and services and wielding the power of China’s manufacturing ecosystem to make innovations in production processes. China has yet to take the lead in more challenging forms of innovation, such as scientifc discovery and engineering, but Chinese companies are using a distinctly Chinese way to nimbly accelerate experimentation and learning on a large scale. China faces an innovation imperative. As two sources of growth—labor force expansion and heavy capital investment—fade, innovation (broadly defned) will need to contribute up to half of GDP growth by 2025, or $3trillion to $5trillion in value per year. We identify opportunities to create value of $1trillion to $2.2trillion per year in 2025 through innovations to expand and raise the productivity of the service sector and further improve manufacturing effciency through digitization. Performance varies across the four “archetypes” of innovation. We gauge innovation impact by examining 30 industries in four innovation archetypes. China performs well in customer- focused and effciency-driven archetypes, but is catching up in engineering- and science- based archetypes. China’s large and dynamic market gives it an edge in customer-focused innovation. Chinese innovators use China’s massive consumer market (more than 100million mainstream consumer households today) to commercialize new ideas quickly. Chinese consumers enable innovation by accepting early iterations of products and services and providing feedback for rapid refnement. China’s manufacturing ecosystem enables effciency-driven innovation. China has the world’s most extensive manufacturing ecosystem, with more than fve times the supplier base of Japan, 150million manufacturing workers, and modern infrastructure. Accelerated learning is essential for engineering-based innovation. Purchasing by government-owned enterprises, facilitation of technology transfers, and introduction of market discipline are accelerating learning needed for engineering-based innovation in such industries as communications equipment, wind power, and high-speed rail. Chinese companies are trying to catch up in science-based innovation using novel approaches. The government push to raise R&D spending, train scientists, and fle for patents has yet to give China a lead in science-based innovation. Today, Chinese companies in science-based industries are developing their own approaches to catch up—taking advantage of China’s lower cost and large pool of researchers to industrialize and accelerate experimentation and discovery. In the next ten years the “China effect” on innovation will be felt around the world as more companies use China as a location for low-cost and rapid innovation. The overall China effect could be disruptive, bringing large-scale yet nimble innovation to serve unmet needs in emerging markets and produce new varieties of goods and services for advanced economies. Around the world consumers could beneft from better goods at lower prices. 。。。。。。以上简介无排版格式，详细内容请下载查看