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张家界市是国内外知名的典型旅游城市，当地具有丰富的旅游资源，旅游经
济是张家界市的支柱性经济。但近年来，当地开始出现居民收入差距逐渐拉大，
旅游就业市场竞争异常激烈的格局，如何促进旅游居民就业和缩小收入差距成为
制约当地旅游经济发展的重大课题，因此需要对两者的关系进行系统性认识，全
面分析两者之间的动态均衡关系，制定相关配套措施，实现两者的互动协调发展，
关系到张家界市旅游经济可持续发展和旅游城市的和谐进步
本文立足张家界市旅游经济发展状态，采用动态均衡 VAR 模型的研究方法，
对张家界市 1989 年间的旅游就业与城乡居民收入分配的关系进行了动态研
究，以期全面认识两者的长期均衡关系，为本市制定适宜的旅游就业政策，调节
居民收入分配提供具有针对性的指导意义。全文共分为六部分：第一，绪论。概
括介绍本文的选题背景和研究意义，提出了文章写作的思路和框架，对文章运用
的研究方法、研究内容与论文创新和存在的局限进行介绍。第二部分：文献综述
研究和相关理论回顾。主要对旅游居民就业水平与居民收入分配关系的理论研究
进行梳理分析，并对就业理论、收入分配理论以及动态均衡理论进行回顾，为本
文寻找理论基础。第三部分：张家界市旅游居民就业与居民收入分配的现状研究：
对张家界市劳动力市场的供需变化以及就业状况进行分析，并对本地居民收入分
配差距的主要表现进行研究。第四部分：张家界市旅游居民就业水平与居民收入
分配关系的动态均衡分析。构建动态均衡模型，构造相关模型变量，对其关系进
行平稳性检验和协整检验，利用脉冲响应和方差分解等方法对张家界市旅游居民
就业水平与居民收入分配关系进行动态均衡分析，从而得出实证研究结论。第五
部分：对策建议。根据全文的动态均衡检验结果，有针对性地提出了建立张家界
市旅游居民就业与居民收入分配协同发展的对策建议，以期为政府部门制定旅游
经济和民生政策提供借鉴意义
主题词：张家界市，旅游就业，收入差距，VAR第 ii页
ABSTRACT
In recent years，with the rapid development of tourism economy, how to promote
the local tourism employment, increasing household income, narrowing the income gap
between urban and rural areas has become an inevitable problem of tourist city in the
development process, so regulating systematically the relationship between the
employment of the tourism and the income gap between urban and rural areas, seting up
a support and complete tourism policy has become an inevitable choice that help
tourism urban develop tourism economy and stable and harmonious tourism city.
The Zhangjiajie City，is a well-known domestic and international tourism city, the
local has a wealth of tourism resources, tourism economy is the backbone of Zhangjiajie
city. In the last years, the local residents began to appear the income gap gradually
widening, the tourism employment market is fierce competition, how to promote
employment and reduce the income gap has become a major issue to restrict the
development of local tourism economy. Therefore, it is necessary to make a systematic
analysis of the relationship between the two, and analyze the dynamic equilibrium
relationship between the two, how to formulate relevant supporting measures to achieve
the coordinated development of the two, relating to the sustainable development of
tourism economy in Zhangjiajie city and the harmonious development of tourism city.
This paper，based on the development of tourism economy in Zhangjiajie, with a
dynamic balance of VAR model, studies the relationship between tourism employment
and income distribution in Zhangjiajie during 1989, expecting understanding of
the long-term equilibrium relationship, and provides a guidance for the city to develop
appropriate tourism employment policies. The full text is divided into six parts: first，
introduction. First of all，introduce the background and significance of the research, and
introduces the research methods, research contents and innovations and limitations of
this paper. The second part: literature review research and theory related. The main
research on the relationship between the level of employment and the income
distribution of residents, including three aspects: domestic and international tourism
income distribution, tourism employment and income distribution and employment
relations, and review the theory of employment, income distribution theory and the
dynamic equilibrium theory, looking for theoretical basis for this article. The third part:
research Status Zhangjiajie tourism employment and income distribution of residents,
researching the change of supply and demand and employment status of the labor
market in Zhangjiajie, and the main performance of the income distribution gap
between people in city. Understand the situation of the employment status and income
distribution gap in general. Fourth part: the dynamic equilibrium analysis of the
relationship between the level of employment and the income distribution of the
residents in Zhangjiajie. Constructs a dynamic equilibrium model, associated with the第 iii页
construction of the model variables and on the relationship between of stationarity test
and cointegration test, the dynamic equilibrium analysis of tourism in Zhangjiajie city
residents level of employment and income distribution relationship with pulse response
function and variance decomposition method, and then draw a conclusion of the
empirical study. The fifth part: Countermeasures and suggestions. According to the
results of dynamic equilibrium test, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and
suggestions to establish the coordinated development of the employment and income
distribution of Zhangjiajie tourism residents, in order to provide a reference for the
government to formulate the tourism economy and livelihood policies.
Keywords：Zhangjiajie, tourism employment, income gap, VAR model第 1 页
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