摘 要
海洋渔业是一个古老的行业，朝阳产业，具有十分重要的战略地位和经济地
位。海洋渔业企业有着独特的特点，其经营发展受到的自然资源、生态环境、国家
政策、国际国内市场、科学技术、人力资源等诸多刚性条件的影响。

我国渔业企业的经济体制也经历了村社公有制、乡镇集体所有制、股份合作
制、股份公司制、个体经营等经济体制的调整与转换，渔业企业形成股份有限、有
限责任、个体经营、专业合作组织等体制并存。

从改革开放以来，海洋渔业企业加快了发展速度，成长经历分为三种模式：规模
化、产业化、混合多元化。

在海洋渔业的产业化的发展过程中，产业链条对其产生深远的影响。分为纵向
—体化和横向—体化。

今后，海洋渔业经济发展的方向：—是发展科技兴渔。二是发展外向型渔业。

三是发展水产品的精、深加工产业。四是发展远洋渔业。五是发展人工放流增殖渔
业。六是发展现代化设施渔业。七是发展营销网络。八是发展现代化渔业机械新装
备。九是发展休闲渔业。

的
关键词：渔业企业，体制改革，研究探讨
THE RESEARCH AND DISCUSSION ON THE
REFORM OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF MARINE
FISHERY ENTERPRISES
ABSTRACT
Marine fishery is an old industry, but also the sun industry, occupy a very
important position in the national economy. Marine fisheries enterprises have
unique characteristics, influencing the operation development of the natural
resources, ecological environment, national policy, domestic and
international market, science and technology, human resources and other
rigid condition.
The fishery of our country economic system has gone through adjustment
and conversion of village public ownership, collective ownership,
shareholding cooperative system, joint—stock company system, the
individual business economy, fishery enterprises will appear to Limited by
Share Ltd, limited liability company, individual business, professional
cooperative organizations and other economy.
From the reform and opening up, China's marine fisheries enterprises entered
a period of rapid development, its growth experience is divided into three
modes: scale growth, growth, industry mix diversification.
In the marine fishery industry development process, the industrial chain has a
far—reaching influence on their. Vertical integration and horizontal
integration.
In the natural resources and the ecological environment of rigid constraints,
the development direction of marine fisheries enterprises facing the future:
one is the development of Fisheries Science and technology.