青岛四方车辆研究所技术创新发展战略研究
摘 要
近年来，随着高速铁路的迅猛发展，我国轨道交通装备制造业也取得了举世
瞩目的成就。四方车辆研究所改制为企业后，通过技术引进、消化吸收、再创造，
核心技术已达到国内领先、国际先进水平，实现了跨越式发展，成为中国轨道交
通装备制造业高端产业链的重要组成部分。技术创新战略决定了企业技术创新的
成败。为了提升企业的核心竞争力，实现可持续发展，建立合适企业自身发展的
技术创新战略意义重大。

本文以四方车辆研究所为例，在研究国外技术创新战略理论的基础上，采用
SWOT 分析方法，对企业的技术创新各要素做了全方位的分析研究。研究结果表
明，企业的优势主要表现在，关键技术在国内处于竞争优势地位，技术创新后发
优势明显，人力资源丰富且成本低；机遇在于，国内良好的政策环境和投资导向，
巨大的市场需求，海外市场开拓有突破；劣势表现在，研发资金投入不足，研发
力量薄弱，技术创新管理滞后，领军人才严重不足；存在的威胁有，国外对核心
技术的限制和封锁，国外厂商要求我国开放国内高铁市场的压力越来越大以及来
自国内产业结构调整的冲击。依据 SWOT 的分析结果和四方车辆研究所的实际情
况，提出企业未来创新发展应采取以自主创新为主，模仿创新和合作创新为辅的
技术创新战略。为此，本文提出了由提升现有水平，到拓展国际市场，最后实现
全球技术领先的“三阶段”跨越式发展目标，并排出了时间表和分阶段的技术路
线。同时，围绕创新目标的实现，在新产品开发、研发活动、知识产权、人力资
源提出了四项重点任务。为了保障企业技术创新战略的顺利实施，在技术创新机
制、创新平台建设、知识产权保护利用、创新人才引进激励机制等四个方面提出
了保障措施。

关键词：技术创新 创新战略 模式 SWOT 青岛 四方车辆研究所RESERCH ON TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF QSRSRI
ABSTRACT
In recent years, with the rapid development of high-speed railway, China's rail
transportation equipment manufacturing industry has made remarkable achievements.
After the restructuring of enterprises, Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute
Co., Limited. (QSRSRI ) through technology introduction, digestion and absorption,
re-creation, and achieved leapfrog development, become an important part of China's
rail transportation equipment manufacturing industry. Technical innovation strategy
determines the success or failure of technological innovation. In order to enhance the
core competitiveness of enterprises, to achieve sustainable development, the
establishment of technical innovation strategy suitable for their own development is
significant.
QSRSRI as an example in this paper, based on the study of foreign technology
innovation strategy theory, using SWOT analysis, this paper has analyzed the elements
of technical innovation of QSRSRI in a full range. The results show that the QSRSRI
should adhere to the technology innovation strategy of independent innovation,
imitation innovation and collaborative innovation, supplemented. For this reason, an
object in three stages is formed. According to this object, ultimately QSRSRI will
achieve a global technology leader from the current leading enterprises with domestic
industry by gradually expand the international market. In order to achieve the object,
the technical route schedules are discharged and the roadmap in three stages is given.
Meanwhile, arround the object, four key tasks are set in new product development,
research and development activities, intellectual property and human resources. In
order to ensure the smooth implementation of enterprise technology innovation
strategy, five safeguards are proposed about the mechanism in technological
innovation, innovation platform construction, intellectual property rights, mechanism
in innovation talent introduction and incentives and innovation culture.
KEY WORDS: Technological innovation innovation strategy SWOT
QSRSRI