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在多项目并行的矩阵组织架构下，从部门优化管理的角度出发，如何对研发项目进行质
量管理，对项目进行质量策划及质量问题的预防和控制，保证解决措施有效，避免同类
问题再发，都是笔者所在部门面临的亟待解决问题。
本文通过对整车开发流程中底盘系统研发质量管理现状进行分析，归纳存在的问题，
提出从质量策划、质量控制、质量持续改进三方面来开展质量管理的优化思路。通过对
整车开发流程各阶段研发任务的描述，阐述在整车开发的可行性研究阶段、概念设计阶
段如何开展质量策划的工作，在详细设计阶段和产品设计验证阶段如何进行质量控制。
质量持续改进方面提出通过经验教训学习和知识积累，以实现部门研发能力的持续提升。
本文提出重点实施 DFMEA 文件进行底盘系统研发项目的质量策划。将 DFMEA 文
件与具体研发活动联系起来，策划底盘系统在整车开发各阶段的质量管理工作，是本文
的一大创新点。通过探讨 DFMEA 文件与其它研发活动的联系，分析各个活动内在逻辑
关系，明确各研发阶段质量管理重点关注的内容。质量控制方面，从预防和发生问题两
方面进行控制。作为多项目的实施主体，关注作为日常业务开展部门的部门层级的三级
管理体系建设，结合实际情况，明确部门内职责分工和质量管理工作的开展流程。为避
免问题重复发生，在质量问题处理流程中引入 QC 方法和 PDCA 管理方法，以 DFMEA
文件更新的形式对质量问题进行横向展开和闭环管理，并积累基础数据。
本文对质量策划和质量控制的实施效果进行了分析，论述了质量持续改进的意义和
实施条件。从质量持续改进的角度，提出通过经验教训学习和知识积累促进部门研发绩
效提升的思路，通过建立功能、失效模式和原因分析数据库，识别研发阶段存在的关键
问题和知识盲区，有针对性地进行研发能力提升。在本论文中，也探讨了利用数据库技
术建立失效模式和原因分析数据库的可行性，以建立研发部门专业领域的知识共享和知
识积累的平台，最终达到提高研发绩效的目的。
关键词：质量管理；DFMEA；知识积累；失效模式；持续改进Abstract
This paper focuses on the research and development of quality management for chassis
of vehicle during different stage. It’s different with the traditional quality management, which
focuses on manufacturing process in factory workshop. There are lots of elements affect
quality management during R&D phase, such as quality management system, R&D related
work implemented style, project developing process, project manager’s ability and
organization’s knowledge level. In a matrix organization architecture with multi parallel
projects, many projects are developing at the same time in R&D departments. In order to
optimize the management of my department, it’s necessary and urgent to solve several
problems. For example, how to carry out quality management for the project, for quality
planning and prevention and quality control, ensure the effective solution measures, and avoid
same issue happen again.
After analyzing the development process of current vehicle chassis R&D, and
summarizing the issues which exist during developing process，I would suggest to achieve
good quality by quality planning, quality control, and quality continue improvement. Via
definition of the tasks of each phase, this paper presents that how to carry out quality planning
for the feasibility research stage and conceptual design stage. And then conduct quality
control during detail design stage and product evaluation stage. Lessons learning from exist
failure case or consumer complaints, quality can be continuous improved and knowledge can
be accumulated, design capability of design department can be promoted..
This paper focus on the quality planning through DFMEA (Design Failure Mode and
Effects Analysis) implemented. It’s innovative to connect the DFMEA program with design
actives, is one innovation points. Through implement DFMEA program in design actives,
analysis the logical relationship between all activities, fully understand the quality
management focuses points for phases. Regarding quality control, start quality control with
problem prevention. As the implementation of the main project, attention is part of their daily
business in three class management system construction of department. Combined with the
actual situation, the responsibilities of each division within the department are clear and the
quality management work flow is specified. In order to avoid the problems happen repeatedly,
by introducing the QC tools and the PDCA management method in the process of quality
problems, horizontal expansion and closed management of quality problems in the DFMEA
program and update this template up to date.
