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农发行白山市分行一直坚持将政策性粮棉油贷款作为主营业务，并在保证
传统业务资金需求的同时，稳步开展商业性贷款业务，充分利用白山地区作为
粮食销区的地理环境，摸底白山市依靠自然资源优势发展的企业经营状况，深
入调查分析开展新业务的切入点，努力寻找适合自身发展的长期战略合作伙伴。
然而，农发行白山市分行在发展商业性贷款的过程中，面临的不仅仅是信贷制
度、资源分配以及人员素质提升等问题，更重要的是白山地区的经济发展水平
的限制和国有银行及其他银行业金融机构对现有市场的分割和业务开发几近饱
和的状态，使其在对市场经济形势的变化分析、信贷管理水平不足、人员素质
有待提升和对商业性贷款业务发展的职能定位模糊等方面都面临很多挑战。
关于不良贷款问题的研究既是对农发行白山市分行当前发展瓶颈中遇到问
题的解答，更是对经营理念和管理模式的重新审视。如何管理不良贷款，有效
提升信贷资产质量，发挥政策性资金的利用效率，是农发行白山市分行需要长
期思考和不断总结的课题。随着粮食流通体制改革逐渐深化,粮棉油市场主体日
趋多元化,农发行经营的外部环境、客户基础、信贷需求等方面均发生了深刻变
化,原有的政策性业务逐步萎缩,陷入了发展停滞、效益低下的困局，表现为:贷
款质量下降,呆坏账增加,经营亏损严重等信用风险;从业人员违规操作和逆流
程办理等操作风险;内部管理决策水平有限，内控作用发挥不到位等管理风险。
完善银行内部控制体系,降低经营风险,进而达到不良贷款双控的目的，提高管
理水平，完善内控治理机制，事在必行。
提升农发行对内外部风险的防御能力，不仅要求其按照规章制度稳健运行，
更需要对农业政策性银行的发展方向进行准确定位和对中国银行业系统的总体
格局的全面考虑。本文通过对农发行在经济发展中的重要作用以及农发行白山
市分行对当地经济的推动效应，阐明了农发行发展中存在的问题，尤其是不良
贷款出现的问题对今后的发展和对经济的影响，从农发行以及白山市分行的组
织架构、业务结构以及业务发展状况三个方面对农发行白山市分行的基本情况
进行介绍，并对贷款业务现状及存在的问题进行展开阐述，从贷款业务与战略
规划的错位、资源配置与发展速度的不协调以及内控意识和风险格局的对称性
差三个方向分析农发行白山市分行的不良贷款成因。并针对性的提出在市场定
位发展方向、资源配置合理化、风险预警机制调整以及加强内控管理四个方面
的有力措施，有利于进一步改善农发行白山市分行的信贷管理水平，丰富不良
贷款的双控措施和治理思路。
关键词：
不良贷款，市场定位，业务结构，内控管理
Abstract
Research on the Measures to Resolve
Non-Performing Loan of The Agricultral Development Bank
of China Baishan City Branch
The agricultural development bank of China as a support the policy Banks of
agricultural and rural development is mainly to the state of development of
agriculture, improve rural living environment and improve farmers&39; living standard,
grain cotton and oil industry and related agricultural support project funding. National
credit as guarantee of the bank capital operation, at the same time to raise funds and
proxy allocated funds for supporting agriculture financial business.
In view of baishan branch has been sticking to the policy loans, grain cotton
and oil as main business, and at the same time in the traditional guarantee business
capital needs, steadily developing commercial loan business, make full use of baishan
region as food geographical environment, the examination of baishan rely on natural
resource advantages of the development of the enterprise management status,
in-depth investigation and analysis to develop new business comes in, trying to find
suitable for their own development of long-term strategic cooperation partners.
However, the bank of baishan branch in the process of development of commercial
loans, face is not only the credit system, the allocation of resources and personnel
quality promotion, more important is the limitation of baishan region&39;s level of
economic development and state-owned Banks and other banking financial
institutions to the existing market segmentation and business development of nearly
saturated state, in the analysis of the change of market economy, credit management
insufficiency, the personnel quality needs to be promoted and function orientation of
commercial loan business development faces many challenges in such aspects as
fuzzy.
Research on non-performing loan problem is not only to the bank of baishan
branch of answers to questions encountered in the current development bottleneck of
management idea and management mode of reviewing. How to manage the
non-performing loans, effectively improving the quality of credit assets, play a
policy-oriented funds use efficiency, is the bank of baishan branch need to think
long-term and continuously review the topic. As the grain circulation system reform
gradually deepening, increasingly diversified, grain cotton and oil market main body,
the external environment of the bank management, customer base, the demand for
credit, profound changes have taken place in the original policy business gradually
atrophic, into a dilemma of stagnation, low benefit, performance is: the loan quality to
drop, non-performing loans increased, operating loss serious credit risk; From
personnel of course of irregularities and inverse process to deal with such as
operation risk; Internal management decision-making level is limited, the internal
control functions can not play to manage risk. The bank internal control system,
reduce the management risk, thus achieve the purpose of controlling non-performing
loans, improve the management level, perfecting the governance mechanism of
internal control, will in line.
Improve the bank the defense capability of the internal and external risks, not
only demands of its, in accordance with the regulations and rules for the steady
operation, more need for the development direction of agricultural policy bank for
accurate positioning and comprehensive consideration of the overall pattern of
Chinese banking system. This article through to the bank in the economic
development and the important functions of the bank of baishan branch pushing effect
on the local economy, expounds the problem existing in the development of the bank,
especially the problem of non-performing loans in the future development and impact
on the economy, from the bank and baishan city branch of the organization structure,
business structure and business development in three aspects of the bank introduces
the basic situation of baishan city branch, and the present situation and existing
problems in this loan business, from the dislocation of the loan business and strategic
planning, resource allocation and development speed mismatch and the symmetry of
internal control and risk consciousness structure difference of three direction analysis
the bank baishan branch of non-performing loans. And targeted puts forward
development direction in market positioning, rationalize the allocation of resources,
the risk early warning mechanism, adjustment and four aspects of the effective
measures to strengthen internal control management, is conducive to further improve
the bank baishan branch credit management level, rich double control measures and
management ideas of non-performing loans.
Key words:
Non-performing loan,maket localization, business structure,internal control
system
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究背景
中国农业发展银行作为我国唯一一家农业政策性银行，在贯彻落实国家宏
观调控的全局统筹中，更为彰显其扶持农业和促进农村发展的政策性作用。从
成立之初单一的政策性业务到如今“一体两翼”的发展格局，农发行始终坚持
围绕国家关于发展农业、改善农村生活环境和提高农民生活水平的政策规划，
更致力于对粮棉油产业以及相关农业支持项目提供有力的资金支持。为加快市
场化进程，进一步优化信贷资产结构，实现保本微利的经营目标，提高风险管
控水平，农发行不断扩大商业性贷款的发展规模，加快农业产业化龙头企业贷
款等商业性贷款品种的创新和优化工作，为农业产业的基层服务型企业和具有
发展潜质的小微型农业发展支持组织提供了资金保障。
农发行白山市分行作为吉林省辖区较为偏远的分支机构之一，一直坚持将
政策性粮棉油贷款作为主营业务，并在保证传统业务资金需求的同时，稳步开
展商业性贷款业务，充分利用白山地区作为粮食销区的地理环境，摸底白山市
依靠自然资源优势发展的企业经营状况，深入调查分析开展新业务的切入点，
努力寻找适合自身发展的长期战略合作伙伴。尤其是面临政策性贷款品种单一，
收入较为稳定，增长幅度不大的情况下，农发行白山市分行根据保本微利的经
营战略，必须重新调整业务发展结构。
然而，发展商业性贷款面临的不仅仅是农发行自身发展的信贷制度、资源
分配以及人员素质提升等问题，更重要的是白山地区的经济发展水平的限制和
国有银行及其他银行业金融机构对现有市场的分割和业务开发几近饱和的状
态，使得农发行白山市分行在对市场经济形势的变化分析、信贷管理水平不足、
人员素质有待提升和对商业性贷款业务发展的职能定位模糊等方面都面临很多
挑战。正是面临众多的问题，加上存量的中长期商业性贷款纷纷进入了还款期，
