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本文以吉林银行为例,第一章介绍了选题的背景和意义。介于本论文的研究
课题为吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理的研究，因此文章选题背景中首先
从小微企业对我国经济的重要性出发，以小微企业融资难的原因来突出风险管
理的重要作用，并强调了小微企业市场对商业银行的意义。同时，在本章中介
绍的还有研究的方法和予解决的问题。
第二章主要研究的是吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理现状与问题。包
括以下三个方面：小微企业业务开展情况、吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管
理现状以及吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理存在的问题。在吉林银行的小
微企业业务开展情况中，为使本文的数据具有更加的说服力，论文中全部都是
搜集截止到 2012 年的银行小微企业信贷业务的最新概况。
第三章论述了吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险分析。通过整体情况的分析，
吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险主要包括信用、政策以及管理等几个方面的风
险。吉林银行的信贷业务风险产生的原因包括两种：即内部原因和外部原因。
第四章分别从吉林银行小微企业贷款业务风险管理体系、流程改进方案和
贷后风险检查体系三个方面提出了吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理的改进
方案。在体系建设方面：强化贷前风险控制环节，重视事后问题贷款和不良贷
款的处里,设计贷款责任追究制度。在流程的改进中：保证担保的调查，改进贷
款的额度、期限、利率和还款方式以及提出关于土地和建筑等抵押物的要求等；
最后银行对信贷业务的贷后控制是通过对业务完成后反馈回来的信贷风险的控
制来完成的，通过贷后的管理实现这种控制。
文章最后提出了吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理方案实施保障措施。
关键词：
小微企业，信贷风险，管理
Abstract
Research on SMEs’ Credit Risk Management of Bank of Jilin
In this thesis, the Bank of Jilin as an example, the risk management in financing
business with small and medium sized enterprises, is examined.The first chapter
introduces the background and significance of the subject. It also provides an
overview of the importance of the small and medium sized businesses to our
economy, describes the complexity for small and medium sized businesses to obtain
loans from the banks that underpins risk management perception.
The third chapter sets out the different types of risks to which Jinin Bank is
particularly exposed in its financing business with small and medium sized
enterprises: credit risk, policy risk and management risk. It also offers an insight into
the internal causes and external causes of the risks.
In chapter four, the recommendation is given on how to improve the risk
management from the following three aspects: 1) risk management framework; 2)
risk management procedures implementation; 3) post risk management assessment.
With the development of market economy in China, the importance of small and
medium-sized enterprise becomes more prominent. In order to develop wider market
and obtain high rate of return, the Chinese Commercial Banks need to focus more on
financing small and medium-sized businesses. In the course of their operations, banks
are invariably faced with different types of risks that may have potentially negative
on their business. The credit risk is the most prominent among the risks to which a
bank is particularly exposed. Therefore it requires the Chinese commercial bank to
have an effective risk management and control system to minimize the negative
effects of the risks. However, the Chinese commercial banks are having severe
difficulties in the financing business with small and medium sized enterprise due to
the unregulated operation process, ineffective risk management process and the
particularity of the small and medium-sized enterprise Thus, it is crucial for the banks
to have an effective risk management framework and process in order to minimize the
credit risks, maximize the financial results and the capital of the bank and maintain
their competitiveness in the market.. Therefore, the risk management in the credit
business of small and medium-sized enterprise has important practical significance
for commercial banks.
therefore the research background firstly from the importance of the enterprise to
our country economy, to cause the financing difficulty of small enterprises to
highlight the important role of risk management, the significance of the small
business market of commercial banks are emphasized. At the same time, introduced
in this chapter and the research method and to solve the problem. The second chapter
is the study of the present situation and problems of the risk management of Jilin
bank’s credit business with small business. In the following three aspects: to carry out
the risk management, the status quo of Jilin bank small business credit business risk
management and the Bank of Jilin small business credit business of small and micro
businesses business. In the case of the Bank of Jilin&39;s small and micro businesses
business, in order to make the data more convincing, the paper are collected
according to the latest survey in 2012 the bank small business credit business.
The third chapter discusses the analysis of Jilin bank small business credit
business risk. Through the analysis of the overall situation, the Jilin bank small
business loan risk mainly includes the risk for credit, policy and management etc.
Risks of credit business of Bank of Jilin produced include two kinds: internal cause
and external cause.
Put forward the improvement scheme of risk management of Jilin bank small
business credit business in the fourth chapter the loan from the Bank of Jilin small
enterprise risk inspection system of business risk management system, process
improvement schemes and loan three aspects. In the system construction:
strengthening the loan risk control link, pay attention to later problem loans and
non-performing loans loan management, design responsibility system. In process
improvement: guarantee improved survey, loan amount, term, interest rates and
repayment methods and requirements on land and buildings and other collateral; last
bank credit business credit control is accomplished by controlling the credit risk of
business after the completion of the back, through the loan after the management to
achieve this control.
At the end of this thesis, namely the fifth chapter through the four points and
puts forward the scheme of the risk management of Jilin bank small business loan
guarantee measures.
Key words:
Credit risk,management,SEM
目 录
第 1 章 绪论....... 1
1.1 研究背景.... 1
1.2 研究目的和意义.... 1
1.3 研究方法及内容.... 2
第 2 章 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理现状与问题 .. 4
2.1 小微企业业务开展情况.... 4
2.2 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理现状 ....... 8
2.3 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理存在的问题 ..... 10
第 3 章 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险分析......... 14
3.1 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险主要表征 ..... 14
3.2 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险产生的内部原因 ..... 16
3.3 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险产生的外部原因 ..... 19
第 4 章 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理改进方案..... 21
4.1 吉林银行小微企业贷款业务风险管理体系改进方案 . 21
4.2 吉林银行小微企业贷款业务流程改进方案 ..... 22
4.3 吉林银行小微企业贷后风险检查体系改进方案 ......... 24
第 5 章 吉林银行小微企业信贷业务风险管理方案实施保障措施 28
5.1 小微企业信贷组织结构调整...... 28
5.2 优化小微企业贷款政策.. 29
5.3 加大信贷人员培训力度.. 30
5.4 完善信贷人员绩效考核体系...... 32
结 论 . 35
参考文献 . 37
致 谢 . 39第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究背景
近年来，随着我国不断发展的经济水平，小微企业在我国的经济组成部分
中所占的比重日益的增大。我国的小微企业随着我国经济的快速发展，已经成
为组成我国经济中的重要部分，极大的促进了我国经济的发展。我国的经济学
家吴竟连提到：“小微企业已经成为了我国未来发展的据定性因素之一，是我
国未来经济稳定发展的重要保证，它直接决定着我们将来的生活是否能过的好
一点。”
小微企业的重要性得到了大家的一致认可，是发展我国经济的脊柱。我国
的民营经济和小微企业从改革开放以来得到了迅速的发展。但是在小微企业的
发展中仍然存在一系列的问题，资金成为诸多问题中的重中之重，所以，不少
的小微企业都因为融资的瓶颈问题制约着自身的发展。小微企业融资难的原因
是多方面的，既包括不规范的财务管理和不健全的管理机制，还包括了贷款的
风险过大、业务单的规模偏小以及部分的商业银行依然采用老旧的经营理念等
原因。除此之外，再加上小微企业的规模性、淘汰率和发展的速度等因素，许
多的商业银行对小微企业贷款的要求条件很苛刻，也直接的影响到银行对小微
企业贷款的积极性。
而对于我国的商业银行，开辟小微企业信贷市场是其未来重要的发展目标，
在当前企业融资的渠道逐渐增多以及商业银行同行内竞争力日益加大的条件
下，能否取得小微企业贷款业务的这个市场是商业银行保持信贷优势的关键因
素。
1.2 研究目的和意义
银行因为经营的业务是货币，其经营业务的特殊性带来的风险是众所周知
的。COSO 委员会早在 2004 年的时候，就颁布了相应的文件来指导商业银行管理
