中文摘要
人口老龄化是全球关注的问题,中国于1999年就已进入老龄社会,预计到2020
年全国65岁以上老年人占总人口的比例将由7%增长到14%,崂山区于1997年
迈入老龄化区(市)行列,随着崂山区经济和社会水平的逐步提高,老年人口数
量的不断增加,老年人对养老服务的需求越来越旺,养老产业市场所蕴藏着巨大
商机也越来越凸显。分析和研究这些需求有利于满足老年人R益增长的物质和文
化需求,有利于区域经济发展,有利于促进和谐社会建设。人口老龄化的加剧,
为崂山区养老产业的发展创造了客观和外在条件,如何把握人口老龄化带来的各
种商机,以推动和发展具有崂山区特色的养老产业,进而满足老年人的养老需求
是我们面临的一个有待解决的理论和现实问题。

由于老年服务的特殊性,老年服务市场不仅是经济问题,也是社会问题和政
治问题。本文从研究养老问题的社会意义入手,通过分析目前崂山区养老产业的
现状,剖析影响崂山区养老产业发展的问题和原因,并借鉴国内学界对养老产业
的理论研究及国内同类区市养老产业发展经验的基础上,通过对崂山区养老产业
的环境和现状分析,尝试提出具有崂山区特色的养老产业发展策略。

本文倡导将养老服务业纳入现代服务业、家庭服务业发展规划,坚持社会化、
市场化、产业化、专业化的方向和政府引导、政策扶持、社会参与、市场推动的
原则,运用了市场抽样调查方法、对比分析法和SWOT分析法,在分析时又运用了
营销学相关理论。研究创新之处是将这些理论和崂山区养老产业现状有机地整合
起来,通过大量第一手的资料和数据,分析了崂山区养老产业的现状和问题,提
出了自己的思考,指明了产业发展策略,具有较强的的针对性和可操作性。论文
从加强政府的引导和扶持,打造特色化养老的角度,提出崂山区养老产业发展的
新模式,以推进崂山区养老产业持续发展。

关键词:人口老龄化;养老产业;发展策略
ABSTRACT
Population aging is a global concern today.China has entered the aging society
since 1999.lt is expected that in 2020 the people above 65 years old accounted for the
proportion of the total population will increase from 7% to 14% in China.Laoshan
District of Qingdao has entered the aging society since 1997.With the improvement of
Laoshan area economy and social standardsthe number of elderly population continues
to increase,and the demand of the elderly for pension services is increasingly
prosperous,endowment industry market containing huge business opportunities has
become more and more important.Analysis and research of the demand to meet the
growing material and cultural needs of the old peopleare conducive to promoting the
elderly services,promoting the building of a harmonious society.The increae of
population aging will create the objective and external conditions for the development
of Laoshan,s pension industry.How to seize the opportunities of the development of
aging population to promote pension industry with characteristics of Laoshan and to
satisfy the needs of the elderly is an unsolved theoretical and practical problems that we
must face.
Because of the special nature of the services for the elderly,the elderly service
market is not only an economic problem,but also a social and political problem.This
paper starts from the study of pension social significance,through the analysis of the
present situation of Laoshan pension industry,the analysis of the problems and reasons
of Laoshan pension industry development,and on the basis of domestic scholars
reserching on the pension industry theory and domestic urban pension industry
development experience,through the analysis of the Laoshan endowment industry
environment and the status quo,and it tries to put forward the development way of
pension industry with the characteristics of Laoshan area.
This paper advocates the pension service industry into the modern service
industry,family service industry development planning,adhering to the direction of
socialization,marketizationjndustrialization and professionalization,adhereing the
principle of government guidance,policy support,social participation and market
driven,using the sampling survey method,comparative analysis method,SWOT analysis
method and the marketing theory.The innovation of the research is to integrate
organically the pension industry theory and Laoshan area,through a large number of
first-hand information and data,to analyze the current situation and problems of the
pension industry in Laoshan area,and the put forward the strategy of industrial
development.
Starting from strengthening the government&39;s guidance and support,to develop
interactive endowment,to create the characteristic endowment,the paper put forward the
new mode of endowment industry development of Laoshan District of Qingdao to
promote the sustainable development of the pension industry of Laoshan.
KEY WORDS: Population aging; Old-age industry; Development strategy
第1章绪论
1.1选题的背景和意义
1.1.1选题背景
21世纪是人口老龄化的时代。所有发达国家都己进入了老龄化社会,人口老
龄化己经成为中国乃至全球的普遍现象。老龄人口是指达到或者超过老年年龄界
限的人口,这里的关键在于老年年龄界限的认定,目前国际上通常把60岁和65
岁以上的老年人口称作老龄人口。一般,发达国家老年年龄界限的起点高于发展
中国家。中国属于发展中国家,尽管我们的人均预期寿命高于发展中国家平均水
平,但与发达国家的人均预期寿命水平相比,还是低很多。因此,与国际上将65
岁以上的人确定为老年人的通常做法不同,根据《中国人民共和国老年人权益保
障法》第二条规定:“本法所称老年人是指60周岁以上的公民。”,我国界定60
岁以上的公民为老年人。人口老龄化是指人口年龄结构中,60岁以上或65岁以上
的老年人口所占总人口的比例超过一定数量后,并继续增高的过程。按照国际标
准,当一个国家和地区60岁以上的人口所占的比例达到或超过总人口的10%、或
者65岁以上的人口所占的比例达到或超过总人口的7%,我们就说这个国家或地区
进入人口老龄化阶断。

按照这个标准,人口老龄化已成为中国乃至全球的普遍现象,根据全国老龄
工作委员会办公室在京发布的我国首部老龄事业发展状况的蓝皮书《中国老龄事
业发展报告(2013)》中指出,我国社会老龄化形势严峻,2013年老年人口数量
将突破2亿大关,达到2. 02亿,老龄化水平达到14. 8%;高龄老年(80岁以上)
人口继续增长,从2012年的0. 22亿人上升到2013年的0. 23亿人,年均增长100
力&39;人的态势将持续到2025年;失能老年人口继续增加,从2012年的3600万人增