Abstract
With the development of market economy, especially the growing of knowledge
economy, the intangible asset with the right of intellectual property as the most
important content plays an increasingly significant role in the construction of national
economy. In the long-term practical work, the conversion of the intellectual property
right becomes one of the most difficult issues, and some new problems come out in the
term of existing intellectual property right hypothecation and financing system. Under
this circumstance, it seems important to carry out the research on hypothecate and
financing in intellectual property right. In this dissertation, the writer tries to make some
proposals to deal with the legal problems in the intellectual property right
hypothecation.
The research background, the research significance and research status quo are
presented in the first part. In the knowledge economy era, if a country wants to improve
the comprehensive national strength, and enhance the international competitiveness, it
must support the small and mid-sized enterprise to promote their development. For a
science and technology enterprise, it has the advantage of possessing independent
intellectual property rights. If the enterprise can not or have no way to transform the
intellectual property rights into capital, the advantage in the competition will be out of
action. The key to develop the science and technology enterprise is to figure out how to
transfomi the intellectual property right into captial. A new type of financing
guarantee-intellectual property right hypothecation might be of help. In the increasingly
competitive environment, it has an important significance for easing the financing
pressure of the enterprise, speeding up the enterprise development and promoting the
coordinated development of the market economy in our country. But there seems no
systematic study of the intellectual property right hypothecation.
Starting with the basic theories of the intellectual property right hypothecation, in
the second part, the author firstly introduces the concept of intellectual property right
hypothecation, elaborates the content of the intellectual property right, and discusses
some new problems related to tliQ new product of the intellectual property right
hypothecation in the recent years. For example, it is argued that neighboring right, the监管法的规定,银行不可以从事信托和投资等业务,也不可以用实物充抵信货资
金,所以银行不可能一直持有专利、商标等质物,只能通过拍卖、变卖质物来实
现债权。但是目前我囯知识产权法律意识还比较薄弱、知识产权交易市场尚不健
全、评估和转让程序复杂严格,这样会耗费银行的大量资源。知识产权高额的变
现成本在一定程度上也增加了知识产权变现的风险。

文章的第四部分主要介绍了市场化特征明显的美囯知识产权质押融资模式和
日本的以政府为主导的政策性特征明显的知识产权质押融资模式。从我囯经济发
展的现实情况来看,我囯的社会主义市场经济体制的建立时间还不是很长,资本
市场发育还不成熟。在这种背景下,将高风险的知识产权质押完全交由资本市场
去运作不切实际。因此,日本的经验值得我囯借鉴,在我囯的知识产权质押业务
开展过程中,政府强有力的介入和引导十分必要。

第五部分是本文的重点。对于如何完善我囯的知识产权质押笔者提出了一些
自己的建议:在立法方面,可以扩大知识产权质押标的的范围,允许知识产权一
权多盾等;在外部的融资环境方面,可以通过加强知识产权价值评估的制度化和
规范化建设、加强评估机构和评估人员队伍建设来完善知识产权价值评估制度,
也可以通过开展银团货款、建立风险共担机制、引入外部风险投资机构等各种方
式分散知识产权质押的风险。

【关键词】知识产权质押法律弊端分散风险囯外经验借鉴摘要
随着市场经济的发展,特别是知识经济的屈起,以知识产权为重要内容的无
形资产在囯民经济建设中的作用越来越突出。尽快深入开展知识产权质押融资问
题的研究工作就显得越来越具有必要性。笔者正是基于此思路,对知识产权质押
中存在的一系列问题进行^^讨。

笔者在文章的第一部分引言中提出了本文的研究背景、研究意义和研究现状。

在知识经济时代,一个国家想要提高综合国力、增强国际竟争力,就必须加大对
科技型中小企业的扶持力度,促进其更好的发展。拥有大量的自主知识产权是科
技型企业的一个重要竟争优势,但是如果企业不能或者没有途径将其所有的知识
产权转化为企业发展所需的资金,这个优势在竟争中将失去作用。那么企业如何
将自主知识产权转化为资金就成为问题关键所在。一种新型的融资担保方式一一
知识产权质押担保应运而生。在国际竟争日益激烈的环境下,积极探索一种以知
识产权价值为基础的新型的融资模式,对于緩解我囯企业融资压力、加快企业发
展速度、促进我囯市场经济的协调发展都具有重要意义,但是目前学界对知识产权
质押货款还没有系统性研究的成果。

文章的第二部分从知识产权质押的基本理论问题入手,首先闳述了知识产权
质押的概念,详细的介绍了知识产权质押的内容,对于近几年来新涌出现的知识
产权新品种如邻接权、商号权、商业秘密权、地理标志权等能否设质的问题进行
了比较详细的论述,笔者认为邻接权、商号权等知识产权中包含财产权又可以转
让,所以也理应可以设质作担保;其次由于法律不完善和知识产权自身的特性使
得知识产权质押存在一些弊端,但同时不可否认知识产权质押是科技型企业获得
发展资金的重要方式,所以对知识产权质押进行研究十分必要;最后笔者分别从
担保法理论角度和现实角度分析了知识产权质押融资的可行性。知识产权质押的
出现可以解决科技型企业融资困难的燃眉之急,同时也可为我国金融机构开展新
业务指明方向,正可谓是一双贏之举。

文章的第三部分详细的分析了知识产权质押融资存在的各种风险,如法律风
险、评估风险、增值保值风险和变现风险等。例如:知识产权无形性的特点决定
了知识产权的运用需要与一定的技术人员、客观环境相配套使用,其变现不像有
形资产那样简单。知识产权的质权人大多数都是银行等金融机构,根据我国银行right of trade name, the right of commercial secert, the right of geographical indication
can be pledged or not. The author thinks that neighboring right contains a transferable
property therefore it can be pledged. The imperfect law system and the own
charatersitics make the intellectual property right hypothercation have some
shortcomings. It is undeniable that intellectual property right hypothecation is the best
way for enterprise to get capital. So it is necessary to analyze the necessity intellectual
property right hypothecation. Finally the feasibility of intellectual property right
hypothecation is discussed in theory and practice.
In part three, the&39; author presents some risks of intellectual property right
hypothecation, such as legal risk, valuation risk, inflation risk and the risk of disposal,
difficulty of liquidation and the high transaction cost increasing the risk of disposal.
In part four, the author introduces a market-oriented model in USA and a
government-orient model in Japan and holds that the Japanese model is more suitable
for China. Intellectual property right hypothecation has a lot of high risks. It is
inappropriate that running by capital market purely, thus government intervention is
necessary.
As the most important part, the fifth part shows the author&39;s standpoint in the term
of the system, in order to improve the related system of the intellectual property right
hypothecation. In terms of legislation, such as expanding the subject of the intellectual
property right hypothecation, let one intellectual property right hypothecation repeatedly
legalization. In terms of the external financing environment, the author puts forward the
proposal in the terms of the valuation of intellectual property, financial innovation and
the trading market.
【Key words】Intellectual property right hypothecation; Legal risks; Risks
diversification; Experience of foreign countries